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Physica B Condensed Matter

Collective ferromagnetic states of degenerate atomic Fermi gas with two components in a trapping potential

Takaaki Sogo, Hiroyuki Yabu

Published May 1, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0921-4526(02)01915-4

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Spin asymmetry of ground states is studied in trapped spin-degenerate (two-component) gases of fermionic atoms with repulsive interaction between different components; and, for a large particle number, the asymmetric (collective ferromagnetic) states are shown to be stable because it can be energetically favorable to increase the Fermi energy of one component rather than increase the interaction energy between up-down components. We formulate the Thomas-Fermi equations and give algebraic methods to solve them. From the Thomas-Fermi solutions, we find three kinds of ground states in the finite system: (1) paramagnetic (spin-symmetric), (2) ferromagnetic (equilibrium), and (3) ferromagnetic (nonequilibrium) states. We present the density profiles and the critical atom numbers for these states obtained analytically, and, in ferromagnetic states, the spin asymmetries are shown to occur in the central region of the trapped gas, and increase with increasing particle number. Based on the obtained results, we discuss the experimental conditions and current difficulties in realizing the ferromagnetic states of the trapped atom gas, which should be overcome.
We study spin asymmetry of the ground states for the trapped spin-degenerate (two-component) gases of the fermionic atoms in case that interparticle interaction between different spin components is repulsive. Density distributions are algebraically obtained from the Thomas–Fermi equation. We show that, for the system with a larger particle number than a critical value, the asymmetric (ferromagnetic) states are more stable than the spin-symmetric (paramagnetic) ones. The density profiles show that the spin-asymmetry occurs in the central regions of the trapped gas, and grows up with increasing particle number. We also discuss the realization of these ferromagnetic states in atom gases trapped in the optical potentials and suggest experimental conditions to perform it.