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Physical Review A

Photon-counting statistics of resonance fluorescence in a squeezed vacuum

B. N. Jagatap, S. V. Lawande

Published Nov 1, 1991• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss the consequences of the interaction of a broadband squeezed vacuum on the photon statistics of a coherently driven two-level atom. The statistics is described in terms of the Mandel function Q(T) and the probability P(n,T) of counting n photons in a time interval T. The phase-dependent decay in the squeezed vacuum is highlighted with these functions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.44.6030

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Journal of Physics D Applied Physics•Oct 14, 1988•1 citation
We discuss the consequences of the interaction of a broadband squeezed vacuum on the photon statistics of a coherently driven two-level atom. The statistics is described in terms of the Mandel function Q(T) and the probability P(n,T) of counting n photons in a time interval T. The phase-dependent decay in the squeezed vacuum is highlighted with these functions.
We present some effects of a squeezed vacuum on the photon statistics of a coherently driven two-level atom. The intensity-intensity correlation function g(2){\mathit{g}}^{(2)}g(2)(\ensuremath{\tau}), Mandel's response function Q(T), and the photon-counting distribution P(0,T) show the manifestation of the inhibition of atomic phase decay in the presence of a squeezed vacuum.
We study the statistical properties of fluorescence from a coherently driven two-level atom placed in a broadband squeezed vacuum. The photon statistics are studied in terms of waiting time distribution or the delay function that describes the probability of emission of the very next photon following an emission of a photon initially. In an intense field limit, we analytically obtain the delay function for total emission and examine its phase-dependent behavior in a squeezed vacuum. We further analytically calculate the delay functions for the Mollow sidebands and use them to discuss the time correlation and successive emission of photons belonging to the left and right sidebands.
We consider effects of a broadband squeezed reservoir on the second-order intensity correlation, and on squeezing properties in the resonance fluorescence of a bichromatically driven two-level atom in a cavity of moderate Q. Phase-dependent squeezed reservoir effects change the photon statistics, and lead to an amplification of the degree of squeezing. Squeezed reservoir effects in the second-order correlation function ${g}^{(2)}(\ensuremath{\tau})$ are determined by two-photon emission processes which can be enhanced or suppressed in dependence on the squeezing phase.
The resonance two-photon interaction of the broadband squeezed vacuum with the dipole-forbidden two-level atoms via nonresonant virtual levels is investigated. It is demonstrated that the broadband squeezed vacuum excites coherently the system of radiators (atoms, molecules) that have dipole-forbidden transitions. The quantum statistics of the generated photon pairs in the process of resonance fluorescence is analyzed. As the broadband squeezed field is amplitude-squared squeezed the interaction of this field with the dipole-forbidden atoms can contribute in further amplitude-squared squeezing. In the high-field limit this squeezing increases when the atom number also increases.
The photon-counting statistics of squeezed states in collective time-dependent resonance fluorescence is calculated for the homodyne detection technique. The secular approximation is applied to obtain analytical expressions for the photon-counting distribution produced by homodyning the fluorescent field and coherent radiation. Squeezing is shown to appear only in the transient regime of resonance fluorescence. The time location of squeezing is independent of the number of atoms, N, but squeezing increases with increasing N. Moreover, squeezing occurs only for a judicious choice of the phase of the local oscillator and occurs over long counting times T. The time interval T is strongly dependent on the initial atomic population. If initially all atoms are in their excited states, squeezing appears with a delay twice as long as that for initially nonexcited atoms.