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Chinese Physics B

Teleportation attack on the QSDC protocol with a random basis and order

Gao Fei, Wen Qiao-yan, Fu-Chen Zhu

Published Sep 1, 2008• 94 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with a random basis and order is analysed and an effective attack, i.e. teleportation attack, is presented. An eavesdropper can obtain half of the transmitted secret bits with the help of this special attack. It is shown that quantum teleportation can be employed to weaken the role of the order-rearrangement encryption at least in a certain circumstance. Meanwhile, a possible improvement on this protocol is proposed, which makes it secure against this kind of attack.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/17/9/006

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The quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with a random basis and order is analysed and an effective attack, i.e. teleportation attack, is presented. An eavesdropper can obtain half of the transmitted secret bits with the help of this special attack. It is shown that quantum teleportation can be employed to weaken the role of the order-rearrangement encryption at least in a certain circumstance. Meanwhile, a possible improvement on this protocol is proposed, which makes it secure against this kind of attack.
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) enables the user to directly transmit secret messages through quantum channels without pre-shared keys. However, the imperfection of devices brings a security loophole to QSDC. The weak-random basis selection attack is a strong attack mode, where the eavesdropper can manipulate users’ basis selection probability distribution, and thus reduce the error rate caused by her eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose the first, to the best of our knowledge, general quantitative security analysis model for the practical QSDC system under the weak-randomness basis selection attack. We characterize the imperfect basis selection by the parameter ε . The simulation results show that when ε increases from 0 to 0.1, the maximal secure communication distance reduces from 34 km to 24 km. When ε > 0.32, the maximal secure communication distance reduces to 0. Our work indicates the importance of inspecting the QSDC system’s security loopholes from the weak-randomness basis selection attack and contributes to enhancing its practical security under real experimental conditions.
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a method of communication that transmits secret information directly through a quantum channel. This paper proposes a two-step QSDC scheme based on intermediate-basis, in which the intermediate-basis Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs can assist to detect channel security and help encode information. Specifically, the intermediate-basis EPR pairs reduce the probability of Eve choosing the correct measurement basis in the first step, enhancing the security of the system. Moreover, they encode information together with information EPR pairs to improve the transmission efficiency in the second step. We consider the security of the protocol under coherent attack when Eve takes different dimensions of the auxiliary system. The simulation results show that intermediate-basis EPR pairs can lower the upper limit of the amount of information that Eve can steal in both attack scenarios. Therefore, the proposed protocol can ensure that the legitimate parties get more confidential information and improve the transmission efficiency.
As one of the most important branches of quantum cryptography, quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is used to transmit the secret message directly rather than distribute a random key. Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) enables arbitrary quantum transformation on encrypted data without decrypting the data. To date, the previously proposed QSDC schemes are mainly based on different quantum states. The research of the QSDC scheme based on QHE is still blank. In this paper, a QSDC scheme by taking advantage of the properties of QHE is proposed. The proposed protocol has applied QHE and decoy photons to prevent various types of attacks. The proposed scheme only utilizes the rotation operation to encode the secret message which is easy to implement with the current technologies. Moreover, the communication efficiency and the qubit-utilization ratio are analyzed in this paper, which shows that this protocol has good performance in the qubit-utilization ratio, and the qubit efficiency of the QSDC scheme has improved.