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Physical Review A

Generalized coherent states for the Coulomb problem in one dimension

S. Nouri

Published Jun 14, 2002• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A set of generalized coherent states for the one-dimensional Coulomb problem in coordinate representation is constructed. At first, we obtain a mapping for proper transformation of the one-dimensional Coulomb problem into a nonrotating four-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator in the hyperspherical space, and the generalized coherent states for the one-dimensional Coulomb problem is then obtained in exact closed form. This exactly soluble model can provide an adequate means for a quantum coherency description of the Coulomb problem in one dimension, sample for coherent aspects of the exciton model in one-dimension example in high-temperature superconductivity, semiconductors, and polymers. Also, it can be useful for investigating the coherent scattering of the Coulomb particles in one dimension.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.65.062108

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A set of generalized coherent states for the one-dimensional Coulomb problem in coordinate representation is constructed. At first, we obtain a mapping for proper transformation of the one-dimensional Coulomb problem into a nonrotating four-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator in the hyperspherical space, and the generalized coherent states for the one-dimensional Coulomb problem is then obtained in exact closed form. This exactly soluble model can provide an adequate means for a quantum coherency description of the Coulomb problem in one dimension, sample for coherent aspects of the exciton model in one-dimension example in high-temperature superconductivity, semiconductors, and polymers. Also, it can be useful for investigating the coherent scattering of the Coulomb particles in one dimension.
In this paper a set of generalized coherent states for the d-dimensional Coulomb problem in coordinate representation are constructed. A coordinate transformation in hyperspherical space is used that maps the d-dimensional Coulomb problem into the D-dimensional harmonic oscillator and the generalized coherent states for the d-dimensional Coulomb problem are then obtained. This exactly soluble model can provide an adequate means for a quantum coherency description of the Coulomb problem in arbitrary dimensions, specifically in the special case of the hydrogen atom, in many theoretical and applied related fields such as in coherent scattering.
In this work we present a theoretical study of the d-dimensional Coulomb problem in quantum phase space. A coordinate transformation in hyperspherical space is used that maps the d-dimensional Coulomb problem into the D-dimensional harmonic oscillator and the Wigner distribution function for the d-dimensional Coulomb problem is then obtained. This exactly soluble model can shed some light on finite-size features of Wigner’s distribution, which will be a vital experience for various dynamic problems.
The Kustaanheino-Stiefel transformation is used to transform the Coulomb problem to a four-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator with a constraint. Ordinary coherent states are introduced over this oscillator and are shown to evolve in a fictitious time. When projected back into the physical space, the states follow the classical Kepler orbits in physical time. The resulting quasiclassical picture is obtained without the Bohr correspondence principle of taking only contributions from high principal quantum numbers.
In this study, we construct the coherent states for a particle in the Smorodinsky-Winternitz potentials, which are the generalizations of the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator problem and the Kepler-Coulomb problem. In the first case we find the nonspreading wave packets by transforming the system into four oscillators in Cartesian, and also polar, coordinates. In the second case, the coherent states are constructed in Cartesian coordinates by transforming the system into three nonisotropic harmonic oscillators. All of these states evolve in physical-time. In the third case, the system is transformed into four oscillators and the parametric-time coherent states are constructed in two coordinate frames. In the fourth case, the system is transformed into two oscillators with the reflection symmetry and the parametrictime coherent states are constructed in two coordinate frames.
A one-dimensional wave function is assumed whose logarithm is a quadratic form in the configuration variable with time-dependent coefficients. This trial function allows for general time-dependent solutions both of the harmonic oscillator (HO) and the reversed harmonic oscillator (RO). For the HO, apart from the standard coherent states, a further class of solutions is derived with a time-dependent width parameter. The width of the corresponding probability density fluctuates, or "breathes" periodically with the oscillator frequency. In the case of the RO, one also obtains normalized wave packets which, however, show diffusion through exponential broadening with time. At the initial time, the integration constants give rise to complete sets of coherent states in the three cases considered. The results are applicable to the quantum mechanics of the Kepler-Coulomb problem when transformed to the model of a four-dimensional harmonic oscillator with a constraint. In the classical limit, as was shown recently, the wave packets of the RO basis generate the hyperbolic Kepler orbits, and, by means of analytic continuation, the elliptic orbits are also obtained quantum mechanically.