S. Rajasekar, R. Velusamy
In quantum mechanics the situation is different because the uncertainty principle does not allow us to know the initial positions and momenta of the particles with desired accuracy. The individual particle is described by a wave packet. Since the wave packet is localized and spreading with time, it is impossible to distinguish two identical particles as their wave functions always overlap at any point in space. Quantum theory describes any object at energies below its excitation threshold with four degrees of freedom. The wave functions of all the states of a given system of identical particles must have the same symmetry; otherwise, the wave function of a state formally a superposition of states of different symmetry would be neither symmetrical nor antisymmetrical. Hence, for a system of identical particles, at high energies and low concentration, probable number of particles per quantum state will be very small. Wave functions of the particles are well separated.
CRC Press eBooks•Sep 29, 2022•0 citations