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European Conference on Optical Communication

Giant Optical Non-Linearity induced by a Single Quantum Dot in a Semiconducting Microcavity

Alexia Auffèves, Christoph Simon, Jean‐Michel Gérard, J.-Ph. Poizat

Published Sep 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show theoretically that a single quantum dot interacting with a micropillar microcavity in the Purcell regime is a highly non-linear medium sensitive to single photons, opening perspectives for integrated photonic quantum computation.
DOI
10.1109/ecoc.2006.4801098

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Photonic information processing requires giant optical non-linearities to implement logic gates between photons and optical switches at the single photon level. A very promising non-linear medium is a "one dimensional atom", that is a directional high-finesse cavity containing a resonant two-level system in the Purcell regime. We aim at experimentally demonstrating this effect using a single quantum dot in a symmetric micropillar, the directionality of the micropillar ensuring the one-dimensionality of the problem.
A two-level system that is coupled to a high-finesse cavity in the Purcell regime exhibits a giant optical nonlinearity due to the saturation of the two-level system at very low intensities, of the order of one photon per lifetime. We perform a detailed analysis of this effect, taking into account the most important practical imperfections. Our conclusion is that an experimental demonstration of the giant nonlinearity is feasible using semiconductor micropillar cavities containing a single quantum dot in resonance with the cavity mode.
Strong non-linear interactions between photons enable logic operations for both classical and quantum-information technology. Unfortunately, non-linear interactions are usually feeble and therefore all-optical logic gates tend to be inefficient. A quantum emitter deterministically coupled to a propagating mode fundamentally changes the situation, since each photon inevitably interacts with the emitter, and highly correlated many-photon states may be created. Here we show that a single quantum dot in a photonic-crystal waveguide can be used as a giant non-linearity sensitive at the single-photon level. The non-linear response is revealed from the intensity and quantum statistics of the scattered photons, and contains contributions from an entangled photon-photon bound state. The quantum non-linearity will find immediate applications for deterministic Bell-state measurements and single-photon transistors and paves the way to scalable waveguide-based photonic quantum-computing architectures.
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