Physical Review A

Inelastic titanium-titanium collisions

Mei-Ju Lu, Vijay Singh, Jonathan D. Weinstein

Published May 26, 2009• 16 citations

Abstract

We have measured cold inelastic collisions between neutral ground-state titanium atoms: collisions that cause transitions between the different magnetic sublevels of the $[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{2}$ ground state of $^{50}\text{T}\text{i}$, as well as collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the $[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{J}$ electronic ground state. Both processes occur with large rate coefficients, as would be expected from titanium's anisotropic electronic potential.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.79.050702

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Fine-structure-changing collisions in atomic titanium

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Physical Review A

Inelastic titanium-titanium collisions

Mei-Ju Lu, Vijay Singh, Jonathan D. Weinstein

Published May 26, 2009• 16 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We have measured cold inelastic collisions between neutral ground-state titanium atoms: collisions that cause transitions between the different magnetic sublevels of the

[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{2}

ground state of

^{50}\text{T}\text{i}

, as well as collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the

[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{J}

electronic ground state. Both processes occur with large rate coefficients, as would be expected from titanium's anisotropic electronic potential.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.79.050702

Related papers

Fine-structure-changing collisions in atomic titanium

Mei-Ju Lu, Kyle S. Hardman, Jonathan D. Weinstein +1 more

We have measured cold titanium-helium collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the $[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}^{3}F_{J}$ electronic ground state of atomic titanium, over a temperature range from 5 to $20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ . The $\mathrm{Ti}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{He}$ inelastic collision cross section is significantly smaller than cross sections measured for collisions of non-transition-metal atoms with noble gas atoms. Our theoretical calculations of the inelastic cross sections reproduce the magnitude and temperature dependence of the measurements, and attribute the suppression of inelastic collisions to titanium's ``submerged'' $d$ -shell valence electrons.We have measured cold titanium-helium collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the $[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}^{3}F_{J}$ electronic ground state of atomic titanium, over a temperature range from 5 to $20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. The $\mathrm{Ti}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{He}$ inelastic collision cross section is significantly smaller than cross sections measured for collisions of non-transition-metal atoms with noble gas atoms. Our theoretical calculations of the inelastic cross sections reproduce the magnitude and temperature dependence of the measurements, and attribute the suppression of inelastic collisions to titanium's ``submerged'' $d$-shell valence electrons.

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R. H. Hill, Hans A. Schuessler, Byron George Zollars

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Physical Review AFeb 1, 198210 citations

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The thermal cross sections for inelastic transfer of excited rubidium atoms from the $n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}}$ to the $n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}}$ fine-structure state caused by fine-structure-changing collisions with ground-state rubidium atoms have been measured by selective stepwise excitation of the rubidium atoms and observation of the resulting fluorescence. The cross sections (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ ) for $n$ being 5-9 are 2.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6, 6.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.4, 11.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3, 17.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.0, and 26.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.0, respectively. The fine-structure-changing cross sections are of the order of the geometrical cross sections and increase slightly less than ${({n}^{*})}^{4}$ for the low-lying $n^{2}D$ states studied.The thermal cross sections for inelastic transfer of excited rubidium atoms from the $n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}}$ to the $n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}}$ fine-structure state caused by fine-structure-changing collisions with ground-state rubidium atoms have been measured by selective stepwise excitation of the rubidium atoms and observation of the resulting fluorescence. The cross sections (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) for $n$ being 5-9 are 2.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6, 6.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.4, 11.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3, 17.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.0, and 26.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.0, respectively. The fine-structure-changing cross sections are of the order of the geometrical cross sections and increase slightly less than ${({n}^{*})}^{4}$ for the low-lying $n^{2}D$ states studied.

Physical Review AFeb 1, 198421 citations

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Mei-Ju Lu, Kyle S. Hardman, Jonathan D. Weinstein

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Shape resonances and nonadiabatic dynamics in O(3Pj)+He collisions at cold and ultracold temperatures

Roman V. Krems, A. Dalgarno

The dynamics of the elastic and inelastic scattering of helium atoms in collisions with oxygen atoms in different fine-structure levels $\mathrm{O}{(}^{3}{P}_{j})$ at cold and ultracold temperatures is investigated using two sets of interaction potentials of the molecule HeO in the ground \ensuremath{\Sigma} and \ensuremath{\Pi} states. Scattering resonances occur in the collisions at low energies. The positions and shapes of the resonance peaks in the inelastic channels do not always mirror those in the elastic channels. The real parts of the scattering lengths are all positive with values in the range 2.5--4.2 \AA{}. The rate coefficients for the quenching of the ${}^{3}{P}_{0}$ and ${}^{3}{P}_{1}$ fine-structure levels decrease almost by one order of magnitude as the temperature decreases from 1 to 0 K and their zero temperature values are, respectively, $3.09\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ and $3.27\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}{\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$The dynamics of the elastic and inelastic scattering of helium atoms in collisions with oxygen atoms in different fine-structure levels $\mathrm{O}{(}^{3}{P}_{j})$ at cold and ultracold temperatures is investigated using two sets of interaction potentials of the molecule HeO in the ground \ensuremath{\Sigma} and \ensuremath{\Pi} states. Scattering resonances occur in the collisions at low energies. The positions and shapes of the resonance peaks in the inelastic channels do not always mirror those in the elastic channels. The real parts of the scattering lengths are all positive with values in the range 2.5--4.2 \AA{}. The rate coefficients for the quenching of the ${}^{3}{P}_{0}$ and ${}^{3}{P}_{1}$ fine-structure levels decrease almost by one order of magnitude as the temperature decreases from 1 to 0 K and their zero temperature values are, respectively, $3.09\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ and $3.27\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}{\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$

Physical Review AJul 2, 200210 citations

We have measured cold inelastic collisions between neutral ground-state titanium atoms: collisions that cause transitions between the different magnetic sublevels of the

[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{2}

ground state of

^{50}\text{T}\text{i}

, as well as collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the

[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]{^{3}F}_{J}

electronic ground state. Both processes occur with large rate coefficients, as would be expected from titanium's anisotropic electronic potential.

We have measured cold titanium-helium collisions that cause transitions between the fine-structure levels of the

[3{d}^{2}4{s}^{2}]\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}^{3}F_{J}

electronic ground state of atomic titanium, over a temperature range from 5 to

20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}

. The $\mathrm{Ti}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{He}$ inelastic collision cross section is significantly smaller than cross sections measured for collisions of non-transition-metal atoms with noble gas atoms. Our theoretical calculations of the inelastic cross sections reproduce the magnitude and temperature dependence of the measurements, and attribute the suppression of inelastic collisions to titanium's ``submerged''

d

-shell valence electrons.

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

. The cross sections for transfer out of the fine-structure doublet [i.e., $\mathrm{Rb}({6}^{2}D)+\mathrm{Rb}({5}^{2}{S}_{\frac{1}{2}})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{states}\mathrm{other}\mathrm{than}\mathrm{Rb}({6}^{2}D)$] is ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{tr}}=(3.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

. It is demonstrated that for the intermediate excited rubidium states, both the fine-structure-changing and transfer cross sections are of the order of the geometrical cross section of the excited rubidium states.

The thermal cross sections for inelastic transfer of excited rubidium atoms from the

n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}}

to the

n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}}

fine-structure state caused by fine-structure-changing collisions with ground-state rubidium atoms have been measured by selective stepwise excitation of the rubidium atoms and observation of the resulting fluorescence. The cross sections (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

) for

n

being 5-9 are 2.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6, 6.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.4, 11.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3, 17.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.0, and 26.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.0, respectively. The fine-structure-changing cross sections are of the order of the geometrical cross sections and increase slightly less than

{({n}^{*})}^{4}

for the low-lying

n^{2}D

states studied.

Anisotropy induced Feshbach resonances in mixture of

{}^{6}{\rm{Li}}{(}^{2}{\rm{S}})\;+\;{}^{171}{\rm{Yb}}{(}^{3}{{\rm{P}}}_{2})

The dynamics of the elastic and inelastic scattering of helium atoms in collisions with oxygen atoms in different fine-structure levels

\mathrm{O}{(}^{3}{P}_{j})

at cold and ultracold temperatures is investigated using two sets of interaction potentials of the molecule HeO in the ground \ensuremath{\Sigma} and \ensuremath{\Pi} states. Scattering resonances occur in the collisions at low energies. The positions and shapes of the resonance peaks in the inelastic channels do not always mirror those in the elastic channels. The real parts of the scattering lengths are all positive with values in the range 2.5--4.2 \AA{}. The rate coefficients for the quenching of the

{}^{3}{P}_{0}

and

{}^{3}{P}_{1}

fine-structure levels decrease almost by one order of magnitude as the temperature decreases from 1 to 0 K and their zero temperature values are, respectively, $3.09\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ and $3.27\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}{\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$