Journal of the Optical Society of America

Study of Relaxation Processes in Nd Using Pulsed Excitation

GEORGE E. PETERSON, Paul M. Bridenbaugh

Published May 1, 1964• 67 citations

Abstract

Relaxation processes in Nd are studied. We find that resonance coupling between Nd and other rare earth ions seems to exist. Nd plus Yb in Na0.5Gd0.5WO4 results in a coupled system in which the Yb may be caused to fluoresce by pumping the Nd. Radiation trapping is found to play only a minor role.

DOI: 10.1364/josa.54.000644

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Journal of the Optical Society of America

Study of Relaxation Processes in Nd Using Pulsed Excitation

GEORGE E. PETERSON, Paul M. Bridenbaugh

Published May 1, 1964• 67 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1364/josa.54.000644

Related papers

Some Studies of Relaxation Processes in Tb^3+ Using Pulsed Excitation

GEORGE E. PETERSON, Paul M. Bridenbaugh

Journal of the Optical Society of AmericaOct 1, 196357 citations

Observation of Laser-Induced Fluorescence Line Narrowing in Glass: Nd

L. A. Riseberg

Laser-induced fluorescence line narrowing has been observed for the first time in a nonresonantly excited rare-earth system. Excitation with the 4727-\AA{} ${A}^{+}$ line into the $^{4}G_{\frac{11}{2}}$ level of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ in glass results in narrowing of transitions from the $^{4}F_{\frac{3}{2}}$ to both the $^{4}I_{\frac{9}{2}}$ ground manifold and the $^{4}I_{\frac{11}{2}}$ excited manifold. The concentration dependence of the line narrowing provides information regarding resonant ion-ion energy transfer within the inhomogeneously broadened system.Laser-induced fluorescence line narrowing has been observed for the first time in a nonresonantly excited rare-earth system. Excitation with the 4727-\AA{} ${A}^{+}$ line into the $^{4}G_{\frac{11}{2}}$ level of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ in glass results in narrowing of transitions from the $^{4}F_{\frac{3}{2}}$ to both the $^{4}I_{\frac{9}{2}}$ ground manifold and the $^{4}I_{\frac{11}{2}}$ excited manifold. The concentration dependence of the line narrowing provides information regarding resonant ion-ion energy transfer within the inhomogeneously broadened system.

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Intensity-dependent photon-echo relaxation in rare-earth-doped crystals

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Photon-echo-relaxation measurements made on the $^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{3}$ ${\mathrm{P}}_{0}$ transition of 0.01 at. % ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ :YAG (where YAG represents yttrium aluminum garnet), $^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{1}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ transition in 0.1 at. % ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ : ${\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}$ , and $^{7}\mathrm{F}_{0}$ ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{5}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{0}$ transition in 0.25 at. % ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ : ${\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}$ show that the photon-echo relaxation rate increases when the intensities of the excitation pulses are increased. Although a part of the relaxation-rate increase in ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ :YAG may be attributed to an instantaneous spectral diffusion (ISD) in which the presence of excited neighboring ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions change the local field and the absorption frequency of the rare-earth ions, our data deviate significantly from the ISD-model predictions. An additional intensity-dependent relaxation mechanism is required to explain the results.Photon-echo-relaxation measurements made on the $^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{3}$${\mathrm{P}}_{0}$ transition of 0.01 at. % ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$:YAG (where YAG represents yttrium aluminum garnet), $^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{1}$${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ transition in 0.1 at. % ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$:${\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}$, and $^{7}\mathrm{F}_{0}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{5}$${\mathrm{D}}_{0}$ transition in 0.25 at. % ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$:${\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}$ show that the photon-echo relaxation rate increases when the intensities of the excitation pulses are increased. Although a part of the relaxation-rate increase in ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$:YAG may be attributed to an instantaneous spectral diffusion (ISD) in which the presence of excited neighboring ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions change the local field and the absorption frequency of the rare-earth ions, our data deviate significantly from the ISD-model predictions. An additional intensity-dependent relaxation mechanism is required to explain the results.

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Boris Majaron, Martin Čopič, Matjaž Lukač +1 more

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIEJul 27, 19947 citations

Laser-induced fluorescence line narrowing has been observed for the first time in a nonresonantly excited rare-earth system. Excitation with the 4727-\AA{}

{A}^{+}

line into the

^{4}G_{\frac{11}{2}}

level of

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

in glass results in narrowing of transitions from the

^{4}F_{\frac{3}{2}}

to both the

^{4}I_{\frac{9}{2}}

ground manifold and the

^{4}I_{\frac{11}{2}}

excited manifold. The concentration dependence of the line narrowing provides information regarding resonant ion-ion energy transfer within the inhomogeneously broadened system.

The dynamics of trapping of optical excitation in a disordered system of ions in a solid is studied using time-resolved fluorescence measurements. In the system Pr

{\mathrm{F}}_{3}

doped with Nd, the randomly distributed Nd ions act as sinks for the Pr excitation. The transfer to the Nd traps can occur in conjunction with transfer among the Pr ions. In this system the Pr-Pr transfer is strongly temperature dependent while the Pr-Nd transfer is temperature independent at low temperatures. By changing the temperature we can span the range from no Pr-Pr transfer to very (infinitely) fast Pr-Pr transfer in one single system. We have identified these limits. In addition we have placed boundaries on the applicability of the diffusion and hopping models in describing trapping in the intermediate temperature regime where the Pr-Pr and Pr-Nd transfer rates are comparable.

Photon-echo-relaxation measurements made on the

^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}

${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{3}$

{\mathrm{P}}_{0}

transition of 0.01 at. %

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

:YAG (where YAG represents yttrium aluminum garnet),

^{3}\mathrm{H}_{4}

${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{1}$

{\mathrm{D}}_{2}

transition in 0.1 at. %

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

{\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}

, and

^{7}\mathrm{F}_{0}

${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{5}$

{\mathrm{D}}_{0}

transition in 0.25 at. %

{\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}

{\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}

show that the photon-echo relaxation rate increases when the intensities of the excitation pulses are increased. Although a part of the relaxation-rate increase in

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

:YAG may be attributed to an instantaneous spectral diffusion (ISD) in which the presence of excited neighboring

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

ions change the local field and the absorption frequency of the rare-earth ions, our data deviate significantly from the ISD-model predictions. An additional intensity-dependent relaxation mechanism is required to explain the results.