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Applied Optics

Coherent detection of optically carried microwave signals through two-wave mixing in a BaTiO_3 crystal

Daniel Dolfi, B. Forestier, Brigitte Loiseaux, Henri J. Rajbenbach, Jean‐Pierre Huignard

Published Dec 10, 1990• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose, analyze and experimentally demonstrate the amplification and detection of microwave signals transmitted on dual frequency optical carriers, using two wave mixing with differential gain in BaTiO3.
DOI
10.1364/ao.29.5228_1

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Photorefractively induced index-of-refraction phase gratings are shown to combine coherently the optical fields of a strong pump and a suitably amplitude- or phase-modulated signal beam in such a way that an apparent amplification of the modulating waveform appears as intensity modulation of the transmitted signal and pump beam intensities. The source of the signal gain is shown to be the square-law (intensity) detection of the coherently combined pump and modulated signal beams, just as in coherent optical communication systems in which a strong local-oscillator field is coherently added with a weak optical signal field by a beam splitter.
Atomic vapors offer many opportunities for manipulating electromagnetic signals across a broad range of electromagnetic spectra. Here, a microwave signal with an audio frequency modulation encodes information in an optical signal by exploiting an atomic microwave-to-optical double resonance and magnetic-field coupling that is amplified by a resonant high-Q microwave cavity. Using this approach, audio signals are encoded as amplitude or frequency modulations in a GHz carrier, transmitted through a cable or over free space, demodulated through cavity-enhanced atom-microwave interactions, and, finally, optically detected to extract the original information. This atom-cavity signal transduction technique provides a powerful means by which to transfer information between microwave and optical fields, all using a relatively simple experimental setup without active electronics.