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KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems

An eCK-secure Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Without Random Oracles

Daisuke Moriyama, Tatsuaki Okamoto

Published Jan 1, 2011• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two-party key exchange protocol is a mechanism in which two parties communicate with each other over an insecure channel and output the same session key.A key exchange protocol that is secure against an active adversary who can control and modify the exchanged messages is called authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol.LaMacchia, Lauter and Mityagin presented a strong security definition for public key infrastructure (PKI) based two-pass protocol, which we call the extended Canetti-Krawczyk (eCK) security model, and some researchers have provided eCK-secure AKE protocols in recent years.However, almost all protocols are provably secure in the random oracle model or rely on a special implementation technique so-called the NAXOS trick.In this paper, we present a PKI-based two-pass AKE protocol that is secure in the eCK security model.The security of the proposed protocol is proven without random oracles (under three assumptions), and does not rely on implementation techniques such as the NAXOS trick.

DOI
10.3837/tiis.2011.03.009

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Two-party key exchange protocol is a mechanism in which two parties communicate with each other over an insecure channel and output the same session key.A key exchange protocol that is secure against an active adversary who can control and modify the exchanged messages is called authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol.LaMacchia, Lauter and Mityagin presented a strong security definition for public key infrastructure (PKI) based two-pass protocol, which we call the extended Canetti-Krawczyk (eCK) security model, and some researchers have provided eCK-secure AKE protocols in recent years.However, almost all protocols are provably secure in the random oracle model or rely on a special implementation technique so-called the NAXOS trick.In this paper, we present a PKI-based two-pass AKE protocol that is secure in the eCK security model.The security of the proposed protocol is proven without random oracles (under three assumptions), and does not rely on implementation techniques such as the NAXOS trick.
Abstract Since the introduction of extended Canetti–Krawczyk (eCK) security model for two‐party key exchange, many protocols have been proposed to provide eCK security. However, most of those protocols are provably secure in the random oracle model or rely on special design technique, which is well known as the NAXOS trick. In contrast to previous schemes, we present an eCK secure protocol in the standard model, without NAXOS trick and without knowledge of secret key assumption for public key registration. The security proof of our scheme is based on standard pairing assumption, collision‐resistant hash functions, Bilinear Decision Diffie–Hellman and Decision Linear Diffie–Hellman assumptions, and pseudo‐random functions with pairwise independent random source. Although our proposed protocol is based on bilinear groups, it does not require any pairing operation during key exchange procedure. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In this paper, we propose two authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols and prove their security in the extended Canetti-Krawczyk model. The first protocol, called NAXOS+, is obtained by slightly modifying the NAXOS protocol proposed by LaMacchia, Lauter and Mityagin [15]. We prove its security under the Computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH) assumption by using the trapdoor test introduced in [6]. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first AKE protocol which is secure under the CDH assumption in the eCK model. The second protocol, called NETS, enjoys a simple and tight security reduction compared to existing schemes including HMQV and CMQV without using the Forking Lemma. Since each session of the NETS protocol requires only three exponentiations per party, its efficiency is also comparable to MQV, HMQV and CMQV.
Since Bellare and Rogaway presented the first formal security model for authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols in 1993, many formal security models have been proposed. The extended Canetti-Krawczyk (eCK) model proposed by LaMacchia et al. is currently regarded as the strongest security model for two-party AKE protocols. In this paper, we first generalize the eCK model for tripartite AKE protocols, called teCK model, and enhance the security of the new model by adding a new reveal query. In the teCK model, the adversary has stronger powers, and can learn more secret information. Then we present a new tripartite AKE protocol based on the NAXOS protocol, called T-NAXOS protocol, and analyze its security in the teCK model under the random oracle assumption.
This paper presents the first formalization of partial key leakage security of a two-pass two-party authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol on the extended Canetti-Krawczyk (eCK) security model. Our formalization, λ-leakage resilient eCK security, is a (stronger) generalization of the eCK security model with enhanced by the notion of λ-leakage resilient security recently introduced by Akavia, Goldwasser and Vaikuntanathan. We present a PKI-based two-pass key exchange protocol with Hash Proof System (HPS), that is λ-leakage resilient eCK secure without random oracles.
The extended Canetti–Krawczyk (eCK) security models, are widely used to provide security arguments for authenticated key exchange protocols that capture leakage of various kinds of secret information like the long-term private key and session-specific secret state. In this paper, we study the open problem on constructing eCK secure AKE protocol without random oracles and NAXOS like trick. A generic construction GC-KKN satisfying those requirements is first given relying on standard cryptographic primitives following the guideline of efficiency. On the second a concrete protocol is proposed which is the first eCK secure protocol in the standard model under both standard assumptions and post-specified peer setting. Both proposed schemes can be more efficiently implemented with secure device than previous eCK secure protocols in the standard model, where the secure device might be normally used to store the long-term private key and implement algorithms of protocol which require to be resilience of state leakage.
Abstract. In this paper, we present a new authenticated key exchange(AKE) protocol and prove its security under the random oracle assumption and the computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH) assumption. In the extended Canetti-Krawczyk model, there has been no known AKE protocol based on the CDH assumption. Our protocol, called NAXOS+, is obtained by slightly modifying the NAXOS protocol proposed by LaMacchia, Lauter and Mityagin. We establish a formal security proof of NAXOS+ in the extended Canetti-Krawczyk model using as a main tool the trapdoor test presented by Cash, Kiltz and Shoup. Key words: authenticated key exchange, trapdoor test, computational Diffie-Hellman assumption, extended Canetti-Krawzcyk model 1