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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Effects of nonlocality in time of interaction of an atom with its surroundings on spectral line broadening

R. Kh. Gainutdinov, Aigul A. Mutygullina, W. Scheid

Published Nov 15, 2001• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate effects of nonlocality in time of interaction of an atom with its surroundings on the spectral line broadening. By using an exactly solvable model, we show that these effects can be very significant: In some cases nonlocality in time of interaction of an atom with its surroundings can give rise to the spectral line splitting.

DOI
10.1117/12.447964

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We investigate effects of nonlocality in time of interaction of an atom with its surroundings on the spectral line broadening. By using an exactly solvable model, we show that these effects can be very significant: In some cases nonlocality in time of interaction of an atom with its surroundings can give rise to the spectral line splitting.
The broadening of spectral lines due to dipole-dipole interactions with ground-state atoms of the same element is calculated with the impact and classical path approximations. Summation over all contributing intermediate states accounts for the multiplicity of the levels involved and results in a width proportional to the geometrical mean of absorption and emission oscillator strengths. Higher multipole interactions are shown to be almost always negligible, and for Lyman-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ the iterated solution of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation describing the collisions is extended to fourth order. Estimated errors of its calculated width and of the widths of other lines are about 5% in the validity regime of the impact approximation, apart from any uncertainties in oscillator strengths and statistical weight factors.
The model description of the spectral line broadening for atoms crossing the laser beams is presented. The combined effect of the transit-time broadening, natural broadening, and transverse Doppler broadening is considered. This is done by introducing one-parametric adiabatic damping of atom-laser interaction where the particles interact with the laser during a finite time interval. The simplest rectangle distribution of the light intensity inside the laser beam is employed. The dependence of absorption probability on the transit time for different detunings is calculated and compared with earlier results. The limits for using the Lorentz line profile for describing the interaction of fast particles with laser beams are established.
A formalism introduced previously by the author is used to calculate the shape of an absorption line in a gas, taking account of the "resonance" interaction between like atoms. The most serious approximation is the neglect of the effect of translational motion. An asymmetric line is obtained, with the maximum shifted slightly toward the red. Some simple classical considerations also agree qualitatively with the results. Various properties of the line shape obtained are briefly discussed. The neglect of translational motion makes it impossible to compare the results with experiments performed up to the present time.