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Electronics Letters

Evanescent field amplification in a tapered single-mode optical fibre

Harry S. MacKenzie, Frank P. Payne

Published Jan 18, 1990• 55 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe the fabrication and characterisation of an optical amplifier based on a tapered single-mode optical fibre immersed in a circulating dye solution. Optical gains of over 20 dB have been measured for pump powers of less than one watt, while the onset of gain saturation has been observed for pump powers of only tens of milliwatts.

DOI
10.1049/el:19900089

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We describe the fabrication and characterisation of an optical amplifier based on a tapered single-mode optical fibre immersed in a circulating dye solution. Optical gains of over 20 dB have been measured for pump powers of less than one watt, while the onset of gain saturation has been observed for pump powers of only tens of milliwatts.
Amplification of a light signal propagating in a single-mode fiber of passive core and active cladding (dye solution) is investigated. The active cladding region is excited by the evanescent field of a pump mode. Calculations are based on exact field expressions (weakly guiding case) and rate equations for the dye under steady-state conditions. Assuming the 'slow growth approximation' to be valid, two coupled nonlinear differential equations are derived for the powers in pump and signal modes, respectively. The influence of various fiber and dye parameters on the gain is studied. It is concluded that CW single-pass amplification by factors of up to five seem realistically achievable.
We experimentally demonstrate a single-pumped, non-degenerate phase-sensitive parametric amplifier with a precise control of phase and amplitude of the in-going waves and investigate in detail its gain, attenuation and saturation properties in comparison with operation in phase insensitive amplifier (PIA) mode. We experimentally observe the variation of the gain and attenuation as a function of the relative phase, pump power and the signal-idler power ratio. The phase sensitive gain spectrum is studied over a 24 nm symmetrical bandwidth and we achieve a maximum phase sensitive amplification (PSA) gain of 33 dB. A departure from the theoretical maximum attenuation as the gain increases is observed and explained.
We demonstrate a simple method to obtain accurate optical waveforms with a gigahertz-level programmable modulation bandwidth and a watt-level output power for wideband optical control of free atoms and molecules.Arbitrary amplitude and phase modulations are transferred from microwave to light with a low-power fiber electro-optical modulator.The sub-milliwatt optical sideband is co-amplified with the optical carrier in a power-balanced fashion through a tapered semiconductor amplifier (TSA).By automatically keeping TSA near saturation in a quasi-continuous manner, typical noise channels associated with pulsed high-gain amplifications are efficiently suppressed.As an example application, we demonstrate interleaved cooling and trapping of two rubidium isotopes with coherent nanosecond pulses.