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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Experimental study of the long range interactions between a Na (3S) and a Rb (5S) atom

A. Pashov, O. Docenko, M. Tamanis, R. Ferber, H. Knöckel, E. Tiemann

Published Apr 22, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Transitions to near asymptotic levels of the a3Σ+ and the X1Σ+ electronic states in NaRb were recorded by high resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy technique. The hyperfine splitting of the a3Σ+ state levels was analysed. The application of coupled channels calculations is discussed for determination of accurate potential energy curves of the a3Σ+ and the X1Σ+ states capable for reliable description of cold collisions between a Na and a Rb atoms in their ground states.

DOI
10.1117/12.618756

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Summary form only given. A Doppler free measurement of the hyperfine structure splitting (HFS) of 5S/sub 1/2/ level is performed using trapped sodium atoms. We employed two techniques: 1) trap loss enhancement, which consists in the observation of the trapped atom fluorescence when an extra loss channel is created by single photon ionization of the 5S state. This method was not very precise because the lack of absolute reference. 2) Photoionization out of 5S/sub 1/2/ after a two photon excitation from the 3S/sub 1/2/ state.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jan 20, 2003•1 citation
Transitions to near asymptotic levels of the a3Σ+ and the X1Σ+ electronic states in NaRb were recorded by high resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy technique. The hyperfine splitting of the a3Σ+ state levels was analysed. The application of coupled channels calculations is discussed for determination of accurate potential energy curves of the a3Σ+ and the X1Σ+ states capable for reliable description of cold collisions between a Na and a Rb atoms in their ground states.
The states X 1 Σ + and a 3 Σ + correlated to the ground-state asymptote of Na (3s) and Cs (6s) atoms have been experimentally investigated using high resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. The hyperfine splitting of the a 3 Σ + state levels is partially resolved. Transitions to asymptotic vibrational levels of the a 3 Σ + and X 1 Σ + states were recorded simultaneously. The joint evaluation of the data of both the a 3 Σ + and the X 1 Σ + states allows us to determine accurate potential energy curves of both electronic states. Coupled-channels calculations are finally applied for deriving long range dispersion parameters and the exchange contribution of the molecular potentials, yielding a reliable description of cold collisions between Na and Cs atoms in their two different hyperfine ground states. Scattering lengths and Feshbach resonances are predicted for selected quantum states.
The experimental characterization of the electronic states correlated to the asymptote of ground state Na (3S) and Rb (5S) atoms was expanded by spectroscopic data on $a\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ state levels using a high resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy technique. The hyperfine splitting of the $a\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ state levels was partially resolved and analyzed for both Na85Rb\mathrm{Na}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}Na85Rb and Na87Rb\mathrm{Na}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}Na87Rb isotopomers. Transitions to high lying levels of the $a\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ and $X\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ states were recorded simultaneously which enables one to determine long range parameters of the molecular potentials. Coupled channels calculations based on the Fourier grid method were finally applied for deriving accurate potential energy curves of the $a\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ and $X\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ states capable of a reliable description of cold collisions between Na and Rb atoms in their ground states. Scattering lengths and Feshbach resonances were calculated for some quantum states.
A comprehensive study of the electronic states at the 4s+5s4s+5s4s+5s asymptote in KRb\mathrm{KRb}KRb is presented. Abundant spectroscopic data on the $a\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ state were collected by Fourier-transform spectroscopy, which allows one to determine an accurate experimental potential energy curve up to 14.8A˚14.8\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}14.8A˚. The existing data set [C. Amiot et al., J. Chem. Phys. 112, 7068 (2000)] on the ground state $X\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ was extended by several additional levels lying close to the atomic asymptote. In a coupled channels fitting routine complete molecular potentials for both electronic states were fitted. Along with the line frequencies of the molecular transitions, recently published positions of Feshbach resonances in 40K^{40}\mathrm{K}40K and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb mixtures [F. Ferlaino et al., Phys. Rev. A 74, 039903 (2006)] were included in the fit. This makes the derived potential curves capable for an accurate description of observed cold collision features so far. Predictions of scattering lengths and Feshbach resonances in other isotopic combinations are reported.
The K and Cs atom pair and its $X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ and $a{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ electronic molecular states are studied by Fourier-transform spectroscopy with special emphasis on bound states close to the ground state asymptote (4s)K+(6s)Cs(4s)\text{K}+(6s)\text{Cs}(4s)K+(6s)Cs. Significant vibrational mixing due to hyperfine coupling was observed leading to improved potential energy curves for both states. The observed intensity pattern of the hyperfine structure for the last vibrational levels of $X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ and $a{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ reveals deep insight into the multicomponent wave function of such levels with its influence for modeling the asymptotic behavior of the excited electronic states involved in the reported observations. Examples of derived properties of cold collisions are given and the importance of the present results for efficient production schemes for ultracold KCs is discussed.
A comprehensive study of the $X\text{ }{^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ and $a\text{ }{^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ electronic states of the K and Cs atom pair is presented. Abundant spectroscopic data include 1937 transitions to the $a\text{ }{^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state and 13 72413\text{ }72413 724 transitions to the $X\text{ }{^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state for 39K 133Cs{^{39}\text{K}\text{ }}^{133}\text{Cs}39K 133Cs which were obtained by Fourier-transform spectroscopy. From these data potential energy curves were constructed simultaneously for both states $X\text{ }{^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ and $a\text{ }{^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ which are coupled by the hyperfine interaction. This allows us to accurately model the potential close to K(4s)+Cs(6s)\text{K}(4s)+\text{Cs}(6s)K(4s)+Cs(6s) atom-pair asymptote which is required to simulate cold collision processes. Dissociation energies of the $X\text{ }{^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state as ${D}_{e}^{X}=4069.208(40)\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and of the $a\text{ }{^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state as ${D}_{e}^{a}=267.141(20)\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ were determined. Scattering lengths are predicted for different KCs isotopologs and Feshbach resonances were calculated for magnetic fields up to 1000 G.
Summary form only given. A Doppler free measurement of the hyperfine structure splitting (HFS) of 5S/sub 1/2/ level is performed using trapped sodium atoms. We employed two techniques: 1) trap loss enhancement, which consists in the observation of the trapped atom fluorescence when an extra loss channel is created by single photon ionization of the 5S state. This method was not very precise because the lack of absolute reference. 2) Photoionization out of 5S/sub 1/2/ after a two photon excitation from the 3S/sub 1/2/ state.