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Frontiers in Optics

Optical Quantum Computing on Base of Photon Echo Effect

E. V. Melnichenko, Edward A. Manykin

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Application of photon-echo (PE) effect for optical quantum computation is considered. It is shown that architecture of a PE-based laser device is appropriate for quantum computation. One-way quantum computational scheme is chosen as quantum computer architecture.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2006.jwd70

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A way of designing a scalable optical quantum computer based on the photon echo effect is proposed. Individual rare earth ions , regularly located in the lattice of the orthosilicate crystal, are suggested to be used as optical qubits. Operations with qubits are performed using coherent and incoherent laser pulses. The operation protocol includes both the method of measurement-based quantum computations and the technique of optical computations. Modern hybrid photon echo protocols, which provide a sufficient quantum efficiency when reading recorded states, are considered as most promising for quantum computations and communications.
Principles for analog and digital optical processing based on the two- pulse photon echo (PE) phenomenon are considered. Various architecture designs of optical pattern recognition systems and optical processors for analog and digital processing are discussed. Also various schemes of digital processors for vector-matrix multiplication with the pixel structure and of holographic type are suggested. These realizations depend on using of digital temporal or spatial mixed binary multiplication based on the PE.
Principles and schemes of optical information processing, transmission and storage based on the ultra-short laser impulses' interaction with doped rare-earth ions' crystals are considered. Nonlinear optical effect as a photon echo is discussed. This effect is widely used for the investigation of kinetic processing involving the relaxation of elementary excitations in solids. Possibility of parallel processing of large data arrays in the form of two and three dimensional images and flexibility in controlling data flows are represented. ARchitecture of the various photon echo digital operation, including laser digital vector and matrix-vector multiplication are analyzed. Advantages of optical coherent phenomena for quantum computing are discussed.
The photon echo application for optical digital processing of discrete images by the method of managing operators was examined. Photon echo is the pulse of light which is emitted spontaneously from a system of atoms previously irradiated by two or more coherent light pulses with length and power of 102divided by10-1 ps and 104divided by105 kW, respectively. These systems of resonant atoms are crystals with various paramagnetic activators. By using photon echo, the resonant systems are able to store and retrieve wave-front and temporal form of one of the excitation pulses. The photon echo application for information processing allows one to solve a number of problems with high efficiency. Different photon echo generating conditions can be utilized practically in all processor components, which creates certain prospects for using this effect in optical computing purposes.
Equations of quantum computing in a system of two ensemble qubits are solved. The qubits are spherical nanoparticles activated by two-level atoms. It is proved that a photon echo may occur during quantum computations in an optical quantum computer when the ensemble qubits are selectively excited by short optical pulses. The photon echo phenomenon is caused by time reversal of oscillations of induced dipole moments of the qubits. It is shown that this effect can be observed in the case of interference of oscillating dipoles in the wave zone.