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AIP conference proceedings

Stochastic resonance in optical bistable systems

Roland Bartussek, Peter Jung, Peter Hänggi A

Published Jan 1, 1993• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate cooperative effects of noise and periodic forcing in an optical bistable system. It has been demonstrated in a recent experiment that noise induced switching between low and high output intensity can be synchronized via the stochastic resonance effect by a small periodic modulation of the input intensity. Here we present theoretical results for stochastic resonance in optical bistable systems.

DOI
10.1063/1.44630

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We investigate cooperative effects of noise and periodic forcing in an optical bistable system. It has been demonstrated in a recent experiment that noise induced switching between low and high output intensity can be synchronized via the stochastic resonance effect by a small periodic modulation of the input intensity. Here we present theoretical results for stochastic resonance in optical bistable systems.
The stochastic resonance (SR) in an optical bistable system under the simultaneous action of multiplicative and additive noises and periodic signal is studied using the adiabatic approximation theory. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is a non-monotonic function of intensity of additive noise, in which the SR phenomenon appears. The SNR decreased with the intensity of multiplicative noise, and SR phenomenon does not appear. So the effects of additive and multiplicative noise on the output SNR are different.
We investigate the influence of noise present in the periodic input signal of a passive optically bistable element. The thermally induced absorption nonlinearity of CdS crystals is used to achieve optically bi- stable behavior. By measuring the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the noisy modulated input signal and of the output signal the phenomenon of stochastic resonance is found: With increasing noise strength the S/N increases up to a maximum value corresponding to the above resonance and then decreases again. The S/N of a noisy input can be enhanced by up to approximately 6 dB with this system. Furthermore, the cases of sinusoidal and rectangular modulation of the bistable element are compared.
We study the response of a noise-driven absorptive optical bistable system which is subjected to deterministic periodic perturbations of the incident light intensity. This system is characterized by state-dependent noise which in turn can strongly enhance---via stochastic resonance---the response due to the external periodic perturbation. We demonstrate that the condition for stochastic resonance sensitively depends on the shape of the bistable generalized potential (symmetric or asymmetric). Furthermore, the generation of higher harmonics is studied in the presence of fluctuations. We report on a novel phase-sensitive resonance phenomenon which virtually eliminates the higher harmonics and thus allows for distortion-free amplification of signals via stochastic resonance.
Stochastic resonance (SR) is experimentally demonstrated in an atomic optical bistable system consisting of three-level atoms in $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type configuration confined in an optical ring cavity. The optical bistable system with enhanced Kerr nonlinearity due to atomic coherence is driven by a periodic signal and a Gaussian white noise source with variable amplitude, and displays an improved output signal-to-noise ratio, a characteristic signature of SR. The measured results match qualitatively with the theoretical predictions of the generic model for the SR phenomenon.
The authors study analytically and numerically the effect of a periodic perturbation in the index of refraction of a nonlinear optical medium. Using a one-dimensional model for monochromatic waves incident on the medium, they find that near resonance between the perturbation and the modulation of the electric field there can be a significant enhancement of optical bistability in the low intensity regime. In particular, they discuss in detail the case of the primary resonance, which is responsible for the most significant effects, and show how one can optimize the bistability curve for the implementation of an optical switch, based on the information provided by the resonance structure.