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Optics Communications

Bandwidth enhancement and response flattening of cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation-based wavelength conversion

Shiming Gao, Changxi Yang, Xiaosheng Xiao, Yu Tian, Zheng You, Guofan Jin

Published May 16, 2006• 10 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2006.04.022

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We investigate response flatting of cascaded sum- and difference- frequency generation (SFG/DFG)-based wavelength conversion in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides for wavelength division multiplexing optical communication systems. The cascaded SFG/DFG-based configuration shows more robustly combined properties than conventional DFG-based and cascaded second-harmonic generation and DFG (SHG/DFG)-based configurations. The response fluctuation, generated while enhancing the conversion bandwidth, can be efficiently reduced by the method of pump detuning or QPM period detuning.
Bandwidth enhancement and response flattening of wavelength conversion based on single-pass and double-pass cascaded second harmonic generation and difference frequency generation in step-segmented quasi-phase matched (QPM) gratings are investigated. For the same waveguide length, high conversion efficiency, flat response and broad signal bandwidth can be obtained simultaneously by optimizing the poling period of the step-segmented QPM structure. The conversion bandwidths in a 3-cm-long five-step-segmented waveguide are 134 nm for single-pass scheme and 132 nm for the double-pass one, respectively, which are both over the whole conventional band and long-wavelength band. The ripple on the matching response can keeps less than 0.2 dB as well.