Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Pulsed fields generated in rubidium vapor exposed to laser radiation

M. E. Movsesyan, R.E. Movsesyan, Aleksandr Khanbekyan

Published Dec 31, 1985• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An experimental investigation was made of an emf generated in a pickup coil when Rb vapor was excited by ruby laser radiation. It was found that the emf varied with the vapor density n as n 0.43 ± 0.02 . A rise in temperature up to 280 °C at a constant vapor density resulted in a decrease and disappearance of the signal. Possible processes to explain the observed signal were examined.

DOI
10.1070/qe1985v015n12abeh008085

Related papers

Relaxation of light-induced magnetization in rubidium vapor. Photon echo generation

Aleksandr Khanbekyan

Abstract Using electromotive force (EMF) signals induced in a pickup coil, the relaxation of magnetization induced in rubidium atomic vapor under two-pulse nonresonant laser excitation has been investigated. The relaxation time of magnetization to its equilibrium value was found to depend on the vapor pressure and temperature. An EMF signal induced by photon echo generation was also experimentally recorded. The magnetic component of the detected signal was isolated from the accompanying electrical component using a differential transformer arrangement, confirming that the observed delayed microsecond signals originate from changes in the magnetic flux associated with the vapor.

Laser Physics•Sep 21, 2026•0 citations

Optically induced magnetization of alkali vapors using nonresonant laser radiation

M. E. Movsesyan, Thomas Efthimiopoulos

Optically induced magnetization has been observed in K and Rb vapors pumped by ruby-laser radiation at 6944 A, which is far from any atomic resonances. The signal is oscillatory, of short duration (<20 nsec), and the same for linearly and right or left circularly polarized light. The induced magnetization increases linearly and then exponentially with increasing laser intensity, which is indicative of a stimulated (Raman) process.

Optics Letters•Nov 1, 1980•3 citations

Optically Induced Magnetization in Ruby

Takahiko Tamaki, 国郎 対馬

A time varying macroscopic magnetization of ruby is observed at room temperature by selectively exciting the Cr 3+ ions with a right- and a left circularly polarized light of a Q -switched ruby laser from one of the ground 4 A 2 multiplets to a proper component of the upper \bar E ( 2 E ) multiplets. Dependence of such a magnetization in the Z -direction on the irradiation power, the ellipticity and the magnetic field was measured with a pick-up coil. The signal had a value of 1.7×10 -4 emu/g at the irradiation of 67 mJ. The relaxation time of the ground state was estimated from the decay to be about 180 ns in zero magnetic field. The signal changed with the ellipticity of the exciting light, and the amplitude of the signal was always proportional to the intensity of the excitation. These experimental results were quantitatively explained by a theoretical analysis for the time varying optically induced magnetization.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•Jul 1, 1978•5 citations

Laser-Induced Population Changes of 5P and 5D Levels in Rubidium Vapor

Wang Shu-ying

Enhancement and reduction of the fluorescence intensity in Rb atomic vapor are observed. The reduction is due to a depopulation of the 5P - {3/2 } state upon illumination of a Rb vapor cell with light corresponding to the 5P - {3/2 }→5D - {5/2 } transition. Collisional transfer of the 5D - {5/2 } atoms to the 5D - {3/2 } state, followed by radiative decay to the 5P - {1/2 } state, creates an increase in the population of the 5P - {1/2 } state. The increase in the excited state population results in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the 5P - {1/2 }→5S - {1/2 } transition. The laser-induced population changes are monitored by the decrease or increase of the corresponding fluorescence signals. Using the steady-state rate equations, the rate constants for the stimulated emission(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5P - {3/2 }) is 2.0×10 +8s + {-1 }. The cross section for the fine-structure changing collision(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5D - {3/2 }) is 6.4×10 + {-14 }cm +2.

Shinjang dashösi ilmiy jurnili•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations

Adiabatic Following and Slow Optical Pulse Propagation in Rubidium Vapor

D. Grischkowsky

Short pulses of narrow-line low-intensity dye-laser light nearly resonant with the Zeeman-split $^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ resonance line (7948 \AA{}) of rubidium were observed to propagate through dilute rubidium vapor as slowly as $(\frac{1}{14})c$. These slow pulse velocities showed that most of the energy in the propagating wave was contained by the vapor as coherent atomic excitation. The observed pulse velocities ${v}_{p}$ are in good agreement with the equation ${v}_{p}=\frac{d\ensuremath{\omega}}{\mathrm{dk}}$ for the group velocity obtained from linear-dispersion theory. Also, the experimental results are quantitatively explained by adiabatic following, in which the pseudomoments of the atoms remain aligned along the effective field of the laser light. The adiabatic-following model allows for a direct comparison of our results with the work on self-induced transparency. For high-intensity light, adiabatic following predicts a nonlinear pulse velocity and the possibility of observing self-steepening.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1973•138 citations

Studies of rubidium number density and polarization using spectrally-broadened diode lasers

E T Litaker

We have made systematic studies of rubidium (Rb) number density and polarization with the purpose of comparing a variety of techniques used to make these measurements. We have used five different temperatures, 40°C to 100°C in 15° increments, to compare number density measurements made using optical absorption with those made using Faraday rotation. A diode laser operating in the region near the Rb D1 transition was used in the case of the former, while for the latter two different lasers were used, one each operating in the vicinity of the Rb D1 and D2 transitions. These number density results are compared with those obtained from vapor temperature formulae (e.g., Killian, CRC, etc.). We have also made a systematic study of Rb optical pumping using an amplified tunable diode laser which has been incrementally broadened in order to determine the effect of linewidth broadening on Rb polarization. We vary the frequency of the circularly-polarized pump laser across the D1 transition absorption profile for each of four linewidths (0.01, 0.5, 2, and 8 GHz) and measure the Rb polarization using Faraday rotation. The Rb number density for these measurements is on the order of 1012 cm−3, with 1 Torr of N2 as the buffer gas. These results are then compared with polarization measurements taken using a re-pump laser operating near the Rb D2 transition, and with theoretical calculations of the rubidium polarization.

•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations
An experimental investigation was made of an emf generated in a pickup coil when Rb vapor was excited by ruby laser radiation. It was found that the emf varied with the vapor density n as n 0.43 ± 0.02 . A rise in temperature up to 280 °C at a constant vapor density resulted in a decrease and disappearance of the signal. Possible processes to explain the observed signal were examined.
Abstract Using electromotive force (EMF) signals induced in a pickup coil, the relaxation of magnetization induced in rubidium atomic vapor under two-pulse nonresonant laser excitation has been investigated. The relaxation time of magnetization to its equilibrium value was found to depend on the vapor pressure and temperature. An EMF signal induced by photon echo generation was also experimentally recorded. The magnetic component of the detected signal was isolated from the accompanying electrical component using a differential transformer arrangement, confirming that the observed delayed microsecond signals originate from changes in the magnetic flux associated with the vapor.
A time varying macroscopic magnetization of ruby is observed at room temperature by selectively exciting the Cr 3+ ions with a right- and a left circularly polarized light of a Q -switched ruby laser from one of the ground 4 A 2 multiplets to a proper component of the upper \bar E ( 2 E ) multiplets. Dependence of such a magnetization in the Z -direction on the irradiation power, the ellipticity and the magnetic field was measured with a pick-up coil. The signal had a value of 1.7×10 -4 emu/g at the irradiation of 67 mJ. The relaxation time of the ground state was estimated from the decay to be about 180 ns in zero magnetic field. The signal changed with the ellipticity of the exciting light, and the amplitude of the signal was always proportional to the intensity of the excitation. These experimental results were quantitatively explained by a theoretical analysis for the time varying optically induced magnetization.
Enhancement and reduction of the fluorescence intensity in Rb atomic vapor are observed. The reduction is due to a depopulation of the 5P - {3/2 } state upon illumination of a Rb vapor cell with light corresponding to the 5P - {3/2 }→5D - {5/2 } transition. Collisional transfer of the 5D - {5/2 } atoms to the 5D - {3/2 } state, followed by radiative decay to the 5P - {1/2 } state, creates an increase in the population of the 5P - {1/2 } state. The increase in the excited state population results in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the 5P - {1/2 }→5S - {1/2 } transition. The laser-induced population changes are monitored by the decrease or increase of the corresponding fluorescence signals. Using the steady-state rate equations, the rate constants for the stimulated emission(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5P - {3/2 }) is 2.0×10 +8s + {-1 }. The cross section for the fine-structure changing collision(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5D - {3/2 }) is 6.4×10 + {-14 }cm +2.
Short pulses of narrow-line low-intensity dye-laser light nearly resonant with the Zeeman-split 2P12^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}2P21​​ resonance line (7948 \AA{}) of rubidium were observed to propagate through dilute rubidium vapor as slowly as (114)c(\frac{1}{14})c(141​)c. These slow pulse velocities showed that most of the energy in the propagating wave was contained by the vapor as coherent atomic excitation. The observed pulse velocities vp{v}_{p}vp​ are in good agreement with the equation ${v}_{p}=\frac{d\ensuremath{\omega}}{\mathrm{dk}}$ for the group velocity obtained from linear-dispersion theory. Also, the experimental results are quantitatively explained by adiabatic following, in which the pseudomoments of the atoms remain aligned along the effective field of the laser light. The adiabatic-following model allows for a direct comparison of our results with the work on self-induced transparency. For high-intensity light, adiabatic following predicts a nonlinear pulse velocity and the possibility of observing self-steepening.
We have made systematic studies of rubidium (Rb) number density and polarization with the purpose of comparing a variety of techniques used to make these measurements. We have used five different temperatures, 40°C to 100°C in 15° increments, to compare number density measurements made using optical absorption with those made using Faraday rotation. A diode laser operating in the region near the Rb D1 transition was used in the case of the former, while for the latter two different lasers were used, one each operating in the vicinity of the Rb D1 and D2 transitions. These number density results are compared with those obtained from vapor temperature formulae (e.g., Killian, CRC, etc.). We have also made a systematic study of Rb optical pumping using an amplified tunable diode laser which has been incrementally broadened in order to determine the effect of linewidth broadening on Rb polarization. We vary the frequency of the circularly-polarized pump laser across the D1 transition absorption profile for each of four linewidths (0.01, 0.5, 2, and 8 GHz) and measure the Rb polarization using Faraday rotation. The Rb number density for these measurements is on the order of 1012 cm−3, with 1 Torr of N2 as the buffer gas. These results are then compared with polarization measurements taken using a re-pump laser operating near the Rb D2 transition, and with theoretical calculations of the rubidium polarization.