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Optics Communications

Dynamical models for forward-backward coupling in superfluorescence

Fritz Haake, Mikhail I. Kolobov, Heinz Steudel

Published Sep 1, 1992• 14 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(92)90649-c

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Recent experiments on superfluorescence from O 2 - centres in KCl host crystals, with quasi-one-dimensional active volumes, have shown identically shaped and perfectly synchronized forward and backward pulses in each run. This is in blatant contrast to previous experiments on atomic beams and gases in which no forward-backward correlation beyond energy conservation had been found. We argue that a linear coupling due to backscattering from the bulk or the surface of the active volume, a phenomenon much weaker in gases than in solids, is responsible for the effect.
The coupling of forward and backward propagating waves is studied theoretically in the transition region between superfluorescence (SF) and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). To accomplish this a computer code has been written that solves Maxwell's equations in time and two spatial dimensions and accounts for counter-propagation, diffraction, and temporal coherence in the Bloch equations. Diffraction is ignored in the present calculations. In the SF regime the coupling is generally weak, as found by others; however, I have found a randomly occurring shot-to-shot coupling that is quite significant in cases where one wave, forward or backward, becomes established from quantum noise first in the amplified rod. In this case the wave that arises second is strongly coupled to the first. In the ASE regime the propagation shows strong forward-backward coupling and the characteristic spatial profile of the inversion that tends to zero at either end and to the small signal value of one in the middle of the amplifier. In the transion region the propagation shows mixed SF and ASE behavior.