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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Field and atomic dipole squeezing and emission spectra with two atoms in the cavity

Tariq Maqbool, M. S. K. Razmi

Published Jan 1, 1993• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate effects that the presence of a second atom has on the dynamic characteristics of a field and an atom in a single-mode cavity, with particular reference to the nonclassical features of the atom–field interaction. The field statistics are marginally altered, but the field and the atomic dipole squeezing are significantly altered. The vacuum-field Rabi splitting, which produces only two peaks in the emission spectrum of an isolated atom, gives a far more complex spectrum when another atom is present in the cavity.

DOI
10.1364/josab.10.000112

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We investigate effects that the presence of a second atom has on the dynamic characteristics of a field and an atom in a single-mode cavity, with particular reference to the nonclassical features of the atom–field interaction. The field statistics are marginally altered, but the field and the atomic dipole squeezing are significantly altered. The vacuum-field Rabi splitting, which produces only two peaks in the emission spectrum of an isolated atom, gives a far more complex spectrum when another atom is present in the cavity.
We have investigated the interaction of a single atom with a single mode of the radiation field in an ideal cavity when the field is initially in a squeezed-vacuum state. In particular, we present results for the spectrum of the emitted light and for the time evolution of the squeezing inside the cavity. Our results contrast sharply with previous studies of single two-level atom interaction with a continuum of squeezed-vacuum modes. In particular, the results are shown to be insensitive to the initial phase of the atomic dipole relative to the squeezed field, and the squeezing is destroyed by the coherent interaction, in a time essentially independent of the initial degree of squeezing. Most features of the spectrum are very similar to those predicted for an initial thermal state, although the two-peaked structure associated with vacuum-field Rabi splitting is more apparent for a squeezed state with a small average number of photons than for a thermal state with the same number of photons.
The emission spectrum of a pair of two-level atoms interacting with a single mode of radiation field in an ideal cavity is investigated, where the interaction of each atom with the field may be different. A general expression for the emission spectrum is presented and the spectrum is studied numerically when the radiation field is initially in the vacuum state, pure number state and squeezed-vacuum state, respectively. The effects of the ratio of two coupling constants (R=g 2 /g 1 ) on the emission spectrum are discussed. In contrast with the spectrum of a one-atom system, the spectrum of a two-atom system is much more complicated. Generally, the emission spectrum shows a 12-peak structure for the vacuum state and 16-peak structure for the pure number state. For the squeezed-vacuum state, it is found that the Rabi splitting is most apparent when R=1.
We consider the interaction of a two-level atom with a squeezed vacuum, both in free space and in a cavity of moderate Q. In the latter case, only vacuum modes coupled to the cavity are squeezed. In both cases we calculate the following quantities for the fluorescent light fields: the second-order intensity correlation function g(2){\mathit{g}}^{(2)}g(2)(\ensuremath{\tau}), the spectrum of squeezing, the coherent spectrum, and the spectrum obtained in a pump-probe absorption measurement. Nonclassical behavior is discussed and comparison to an ordinary vacuum and thermal fields is made. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
The cavity field spectrum of a pair of coupled two-level atoms interacting with single mode field is studied. The results for the initial fields in pure number state, coherent state or squeezed vacuum state are presented and discussed. The effect of dipole-dipole coupling constant gαp on the cavity field spectrum is analyzed. It is found that four Rabi peaks appear for small gαp and three Rabi peaks for large gα when the field is vacuum initially. When the field is pure number state initially, the structure of the cavity field spectrum is five peaks for weak field and three peaks for strong field. When the fields are in a coherent state or squeezed vacuum state, a multi-peak structure appears generally. The peak-position and peak-height of the spectrum are both influenced by gα, but this influence is evident for weak field only.
In this dissertation we study the interaction of a single atom with a single mode of the electromagnetic field in an optical cavity. We emphasize strong coupling conditions, where the dipole coupling strength is larger than the dissipation rates of the cavity and the atom. By exciting the coupled atom and cavity mode with an external field, the excited-state spectroscopy of the coupled system is explored. Both quantum mechanical and semiclassical calculations are performed and their results are compared. In the limit of a weak driving field, both results show a two-peak ("vacuum" Rabi) spectrum. With increased strength of the driving field, differences are observed. The quantum calculation shows a multi-peak ( two "vacuum" Rabi peaks plus additional peaks) spectrum, while the semiclassical calculation does not. These additional peaks are produced by transitions between the excited states of the Jaynes-Cummings IV Hamiltonian indicative of the quantum nature of the coupled atom-cavity-mode system.