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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Emission spectrum of a pair of two-level atoms in a cavity

Lei Xu, Zhi‐Ming Zhang, Zhenfei Luo

Published Jul 14, 1992• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The emission spectrum of a pair of two-level atoms interacting with a single mode of radiation field in an ideal cavity is investigated, where the interaction of each atom with the field may be different. A general expression for the emission spectrum is presented and the spectrum is studied numerically when the radiation field is initially in the vacuum state, pure number state and squeezed-vacuum state, respectively. The effects of the ratio of two coupling constants (R=g 2 /g 1 ) on the emission spectrum are discussed. In contrast with the spectrum of a one-atom system, the spectrum of a two-atom system is much more complicated. Generally, the emission spectrum shows a 12-peak structure for the vacuum state and 16-peak structure for the pure number state. For the squeezed-vacuum state, it is found that the Rabi splitting is most apparent when R=1.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/25/13/016

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The emission spectrum of a pair of two-level atoms interacting with a single mode of radiation field in an ideal cavity is investigated, where the interaction of each atom with the field may be different. A general expression for the emission spectrum is presented and the spectrum is studied numerically when the radiation field is initially in the vacuum state, pure number state and squeezed-vacuum state, respectively. The effects of the ratio of two coupling constants (R=g 2 /g 1 ) on the emission spectrum are discussed. In contrast with the spectrum of a one-atom system, the spectrum of a two-atom system is much more complicated. Generally, the emission spectrum shows a 12-peak structure for the vacuum state and 16-peak structure for the pure number state. For the squeezed-vacuum state, it is found that the Rabi splitting is most apparent when R=1.
The cavity field spectrum of a pair of coupled two-level atoms interacting with single mode field is studied. The results for the initial fields in pure number state, coherent state or squeezed vacuum state are presented and discussed. The effect of dipole-dipole coupling constant gαp on the cavity field spectrum is analyzed. It is found that four Rabi peaks appear for small gαp and three Rabi peaks for large gα when the field is vacuum initially. When the field is pure number state initially, the structure of the cavity field spectrum is five peaks for weak field and three peaks for strong field. When the fields are in a coherent state or squeezed vacuum state, a multi-peak structure appears generally. The peak-position and peak-height of the spectrum are both influenced by gα, but this influence is evident for weak field only.
We have investigated the interaction of a single atom with a single mode of the radiation field in an ideal cavity when the field is initially in a squeezed-vacuum state. In particular, we present results for the spectrum of the emitted light and for the time evolution of the squeezing inside the cavity. Our results contrast sharply with previous studies of single two-level atom interaction with a continuum of squeezed-vacuum modes. In particular, the results are shown to be insensitive to the initial phase of the atomic dipole relative to the squeezed field, and the squeezing is destroyed by the coherent interaction, in a time essentially independent of the initial degree of squeezing. Most features of the spectrum are very similar to those predicted for an initial thermal state, although the two-peaked structure associated with vacuum-field Rabi splitting is more apparent for a squeezed state with a small average number of photons than for a thermal state with the same number of photons.
The time-dependent two-photon emission spectra of a two-level atom interacting with a single-mode radiation field in an ideal cavity have been studied. The expressions of the system operators as a function of time have been derived based on the two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model and Heisenberg equation. As a result, the theoretical curves of the time-dependent two-photon emission spectra have been given. The features of two-photon emission spectra depend not only on the photon statistical distribution of the initial field, such as the thermal field, the squeezed vacuum field, and the coherent field, but also on the passband width of the filter detector \ensuremath{\Gamma}. The two-photon emission spectra exhibit multi- peaked structures when \ensuremath{\Gamma}(two-photon coupling constant).
The authors have investigated the spectrum of the emitted light by a single atom interacting with a single mode of the radiation in an ideal cavity via the intensity-dependent coupling (the Jaynes-Cummings model with intensity-dependent coupling see B. Buck, Phys. Lett., vol.A81, p.132 (1981)). From the authors' results it follows that in the resonant case the two-peaked structure of the spectrum associated with the vacuum-field Rabi splitting is preserved for any initial state of the radiation field (e.g. number state, thermal state, coherent state and the squeezed vacuum) with an arbitrary average number of photons.
Emission spectra of a pair of effective two-level atoms interacting with two modes of the cavity field through Raman interaction are studied, where the interaction of each atom with the field may be different. The spectra with two modes of the cavity field being initially in various number states are analysed in detail. It is found that emission spectra manifest following new properties: When mode 1 of the cavity field is in vacuum state and the other is in the weak field , the spectrum shows symmetric ten peaks and six peaks alternately, with the increase of R=g2/g1, which reflects the different Raman interacting intensities of two atoms with the cavity field more sensitively compared with the spectrum of two atoms in a single-mode cavity. The spectrum with 01=1, n2=50 and n1 = 50, n2=1 reflects the different positions of mode 1 and mode 2 of cavity field interacting with two atoms through Raman process. Finally, the symmetric 16-peaks structure of the spectrum is explained.
The cavity field spectrum of two atoms interacting with two-mode fields with different coupling constants(g_1≠g_2) was studied.By solving the eigen equation,the cavity field spectrum expression of the system was given out.Some numerical results for the fields in pure number state and the atoms in the upper level were presented initially.The effects of the relative coupling constant R=g_2/g_1 or photon number on the spectrum structure were analyzed.It is found that R plays a different role in the spectrum with field in vacuum state,weak state and strong state.The frequency of one mode field spectrum is tuned by the intensity of the other mode.The frequencies of two modes spectra can be changed by the relative coupling constant.