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Physical Review A

Emission spectrum in driven two-level systems

Hao Wang, V. N. Freire, Xian-Geng Zhao

Published Aug 1, 1998• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the dynamic behavior of an electron in a two-level system driven by dc-ac electric fields. Analytical solutions for the dipole moment and its emission spectrum are obtained under the approximation of the high-frequency driving case, from which the physical property of the system is found to be controlled by the field parameters. A number of time-periodic and quasiperiodic phenomena as well as their signature in the emission spectrum are revealed. By making the proper choice of the field parameters, it is possible to selectively eliminate some components in the spectrum. The analytical findings are confirmed numerically.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.58.1531

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We study the dynamic behavior of an electron in a two-level system driven by dc-ac electric fields. Analytical solutions for the dipole moment and its emission spectrum are obtained under the approximation of the high-frequency driving case, from which the physical property of the system is found to be controlled by the field parameters. A number of time-periodic and quasiperiodic phenomena as well as their signature in the emission spectrum are revealed. By making the proper choice of the field parameters, it is possible to selectively eliminate some components in the spectrum. The analytical findings are confirmed numerically.
We present a simple but highly efficient iterating approach for strong-coupling periodically driven two-level systems. The obtained explicit approximating analytical solution reproduces accurately the exact numerical solution in the strong-coupling regime for a wide frequency range including resonance, far-off resonance, harmonic, and subharmonic cases. Our theory is suitable for single- and multi-period periodic driving and for the periodic driving with a few-cycle pulse as well, and it gives a general formula for calculating the strong-field ac Stark effect in such diverse situations.
The time-dependent average population in a two-level system interacting with an Ohmic boson bath and driven by a dc-ac field is obtained. The study is performed within the noninteracting-blip approximation and for the high-frequency driving case. The integro-differential master equation and the exact formal solution for the average transition probability are obtained. The dissipative quantum decay and the transition temperature from the coherent to the incoherent motion are investigated. The effect of the external electric field on the the dissipative two-level system is found to destroy its coherence.
We investigate the steady-state spontaneous emission spectrum of a three-level atom driven by two coherent fields and the absorption spectrum of a weak probe passing through a collection of such driven atoms. We find that the fluorescence spectrum is strongly affected by the decay rates of all the levels involved in the atomic evolution and not just by the decay parameters of the specific transition whose emission spectrum is being monitored. In particular, the spectral components can acquire very different widths and peak heights relative to the case of the standard resonance fluorescence in which a two-level system is driven by a single near-resonant field. An external probe signal passing through the gas of three-level atoms may be absorbed or amplified, as in the standard two-level case, but under specific operating conditions, amplification (or absorption) occurs over the entire range where the atomic response is appreciable. In this case the existence of amplification or absorption is controlled solely by the population difference between two dressed states of the system. We provide numerical results in support of our arguments for arbitrary values of the atomic and field parameters and also develop an analytic description in the limit of strong driving fields that leads to explicit line-shape and linewidth formulas.
We consider one-dimensional chains of two-level quantum systems coupled via tunneling. The chain is driven by the superposition of dc and ac fields in the strong coupling regime. Based on the fundamental principles of electrodynamics and quantum theory, we have developed a generalized model of quantum dynamics for such interactions, free of rotating-wave approximation. The system of equations of motion was studied numerically. We analyzed the dynamics and spectra of the inversion density, dipole current density, and tunneling current density. In the case of resonant interaction with the ac component, the particle dynamics exhibits itself in the oscillatory regime, which may be interpreted as a combination of Rabi and Bloch oscillations with their strong mutual influence. Such scenario for an obliquely incident ac field dramatically differs from the individual picture of both types of oscillations due to the interactions. This effect is counterintuitive because of the existence of markedly different frequency ranges for such two types of oscillations. These dynamics manifest themselves in multiline spectra in different combinations of Rabi and Bloch frequencies. The effect is promising as a framework of a new type of spectroscopy in nanoelectronics and electrical control of nanodevices.
The quantum behaviour of electrons in a two-level system under the influence of an AC-DC field is investigated. The closed-form solution of quasienergy is obtained, from which the exact level crossing is found to appear at a fan structure in the section (E, E 0 ) through the parameter space (E, E 0 , omega ), where E is the magnitude of the AC field, E 0 is the magnitude of the DC field, and omega is the frequency of the AC field. It is demonstrated that the emergence of the exact crossing of quasienergies is coincident with the onset of coherent destruction of tunnelling.
The wave function of a two-level atom driven by a low-frequency laser pulse is obtained in analytical form and is used to determine the power spectrum of the dipole moment of the atom for different initial atomic states. The solution goes over some known approximate solutions and gives the energy of the two dressed states, the position of the hyper-Raman lines, the amplitudes both of the hyper-Raman lines and of the odd harmonics, and the position of the cutoff. The form of the hyper-Raman spectrum results independently of the initial atomic state and shows an onset and a cutoff of the emission.