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Optics Letters

Induced-dichroism-excited atomic line filter at 532 nm

Swapan Kumar Gayen, Richard I. Billmers, Guangning Yang, David M. Allocca, Peter R. Herczfeld, V.M. Contarino, M. Squicciarini, William J. Scharpf

Published Jun 15, 1995• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The operation of a narrow-linewidth optical f ilter based on the 4P((1/2)) ? 8S((1/2)) excited-state transition in potassium vapor is reported. The 4P((1/2)) state is excited by a circularly polarized, 769.9-nm, 10-ns pulse from a dye laser. A linearly polarized, time-sequenced, and spatially overlapped probe pulse at 532.33 nm completes the transition to the 8S((1/2)) state. The peak filter transmission is ~40% with a bandwidth of less than 4 GHz. Corroborative experimental results suggest that the rotation of probe-pulse polarization by an induced circular birefringence is the dominant mechanism behind the filter operation.

DOI
10.1364/ol.20.001427

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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters•Aug 17, 2018•8 citations
The operation of a narrow-linewidth optical f ilter based on the 4P((1/2)) ? 8S((1/2)) excited-state transition in potassium vapor is reported. The 4P((1/2)) state is excited by a circularly polarized, 769.9-nm, 10-ns pulse from a dye laser. A linearly polarized, time-sequenced, and spatially overlapped probe pulse at 532.33 nm completes the transition to the 8S((1/2)) state. The peak filter transmission is ~40% with a bandwidth of less than 4 GHz. Corroborative experimental results suggest that the rotation of probe-pulse polarization by an induced circular birefringence is the dominant mechanism behind the filter operation.
We outline what is to our knowledge the first experimental demonstration of an excited-state Faraday filter. The filter consists of potassium vapor between crossed polarizers in a dc magnetic field and operates on the 4P((1/2)) ? 8S((1/2)) transition in potassium. The 4P((1/2)) state is populated by a linearly polarized, 10-ns light pulse from a dye laser operating at 769.9 nm. Another linearly polarized, 10-nsec pulse at 532.33 nm traverses the pumped volume of the K cell and is absorbed from the 4P((1/2)) state to the 8S((1/2)) state. The transmission of the filter is approximately 3.5% at 532.33 nm with a bandwidth of less than 10 GHz.
The temporal characteristics of two different narrow-band optical filters at 532 nm are reported. Both filters operate on the 4P(1/2) - 8S(1/2) atomic transition of potassium vapor, where the 4P(1/2) state is excited by a 770-nm, 10-ns laser pulse. The filters operate on the principle of circular birefringence induced by either the Faraday effect or two-photon transition, which is confirmed by experiments. The characteristic decay times of the filters are 5 and 0.015 mus, which is significant for the design of optical gating and signal processing with matched filters for ocean lidar.
We demonstrate what is to our knowledge the first atomic optical filter that uses velocity selection to achieve a passband width that is less than the Doppler width of the filtering transition. A narrow-linewidth pump laser is used to induce circular birefringence in a narrow velocity class of atoms in a dense potassium vapor for 694-nm light resonant with the 4P(3/2)-6S(1/2) transition. The filter displays a single 170-MHz passband at a peak transmittance of 9.5%. The bandwidth is an order of magnitude lower than that of previously demonstrated atomic optical filters.
An induced-dichroism-excited atomic line (IDEAL) filter at 1529 nm operating on the transition of87Rb 52P3/2-42D3/2 is realized. Its peak transmittance achieves 63.8% at 80 °C by a 13.4 mW/mm2laser pumping at 780 nm and the equivalent noise bandwidth is 546 MHz. Detailed experiments show that, compared with the excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter and excited-state Voigt atomic line filters which are realized by the same atomic vapor cell, operating on the same transition and under the same pumping intensity, the IDEAL filter achieves the same performance level without the magnetic field. This letter provides a new solution to ultra-narrow optical filtering at 1529 nm, and it is particularly useful in applications which require non-magnetic environments.