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Physica Scripta

Arbitrated quantum signature scheme based onχ-type entangled states

Hui-Juan Zuo, Wei Huang, Su‐Juan Qin

Published Sep 4, 2013• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An arbitrated quantum signature scheme, which is mainly applied in electronic-payment systems, is proposed and investigated. The χ -type entangled states are used for quantum key distribution and quantum signature in this protocol. Compared with previous quantum signature schemes which also utilize χ -type entangled states, the proposed scheme provides higher efficiency. Finally, we also analyze its security under various kinds of attacks.

DOI
10.1088/0031-8949/88/04/045001

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An arbitrated quantum signature scheme, which is mainly applied in electronic-payment systems, is proposed and investigated. The χ -type entangled states are used for quantum key distribution and quantum signature in this protocol. Compared with previous quantum signature schemes which also utilize χ -type entangled states, the proposed scheme provides higher efficiency. Finally, we also analyze its security under various kinds of attacks.
Two arbitrated quantum signature schemes, one with message recovery and the other with appendix, are proposed. The two proposed schemes need not prepare quantum entanglement states, do not require comparing qubits, only require von Neumann measurement, and have a significant property that both the signatory and the receiver can share and use a long-term secret key with the arbitrator by utilizing the key together with a random number. In addition, the proposed scheme with message recovery can ensure the confidentiality of the message and achieve a higher transmission efficiency, while the proposed scheme with appendix can sign classical messages of any length by using the hash function to generate digests. Therefore, the efficiency of the two proposed schemes are greatly improved. Furthermore, we applies the quantum signature to quantum payment and propose an on-line quantum payment system.
In the most arbitrated quantum signatures (AQSs), the signers and verifiers need to perform the quantum key distribution protocols or some other protocols to share secret keys before signing a signature. In some schemes, the entangle states, which are not easily implemented, have to be prepared and distributed among the partners. Based on single photon and one-way functions, a new AQS scheme without entangled states is proposed. In our scheme, the signer generates a quantum signature on the classical message with his/her private key and the one-way function. The arbitrator communicates with the signer through a classical unencrypted channel. The signer and verifier need not perform the key distribution protocol before signing a message. On the other hand, without entangled states, our scheme can reduce the complexity of implementation. Then, our scheme is more efficient than the similar schemes. At the same time, our scheme is secure against forgery attack and disavowal attack.
In this paper, an efficient arbitrated quantum signature scheme is proposed by combining quantum cryptographic techniques and some ideas in classical cryptography. In the presented scheme, the signatory and the receiver can share a long-term secret key with the arbitrator by utilizing the key together with a random number. While in previous quantum signature schemes, the key shared between the signatory and the arbitrator or between the receiver and the arbitrator could be used only once, and thus each time when a signatory needs to sign, the signatory and the receiver have to obtain a new key shared with the arbitrator through a quantum key distribution protocol. Detailed theoretical analysis shows that the proposed scheme is efficient and provably secure.
Abstract Several quantum signature schemes are recently proposed to realize secure signatures of quantum or classical messages. Arbitrated quantum signature as one nontrivial scheme has attracted great interests because of its usefulness and efficiency. Unfortunately, previous schemes cannot against Trojan horse attack and DoS attack and lack of the unforgeability and the non-repudiation. In this paper, we propose an improved arbitrated quantum signature to address these secure issues with the honesty arbitrator. Our scheme takes use of qubit states not entanglements. More importantly, the qubit scheme can achieve the unforgeability and the non-repudiation. Our scheme is also secure for other known quantum attacks .
A quantum proxy group signature scheme is proposed with χ-type entangled states. Our scheme combines the properties of group signature and proxy signature. Moreover, the particles in the χ-type state sequence are used to distribute proxy warrants and quantum keys in the initial phase, and then used for quantum signature. Therefore it increases the utilization rate of quantum resources compared with the general quantum signature scheme. Finally, the unconditional security of our scheme is also analyzed.
A digital signature is a mathematical scheme for demonstrating the authenticity of a digital message or document. For signing quantum messages, some arbitrated quantum signature schemes have being proposed. However, in the existing literature, arbitrated quantum signature schemes depend on entanglement. In this paper, we present two arbitrated quantum signature schemes without utilizing entangled states in the signing phase and the verifying phase. The first proposed scheme can preserve the merits in the existing schemes. Then, we point out, in this scheme and the prior schemes, there exists a problem that Bob can repudiate the integrality of the signatures. To conquer this problem, we construct another arbitrated quantum signature scheme without using quantum entangled states but using a public board. The new scheme has three advantages: it does not utilize entangled states while it can preserve all merits in the existing schemes; the integrality of the signature can avoid being disavowed by the receiver; and, it provides a higher efficiency in transmission and reduces the complexity of implementation. Furthermore, we present a technique such that the quantum message can keep secret to the arbitrator in a arbitrated quantum signature scheme.