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International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves

One-directional gain and frequency selection of electromagnetic waves in a medium with a running grating of inverse population

Gennadii K. Vlasov, G. M. Chernyavskii, E. I. Chizhikova, Nikolaii A. Dolgikh, Dmitrii N. Vylegzhanin

Published Jan 1, 1994• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf02265890

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arXiv:0711.0454•Physical Review Letters•Oct 30, 2007•10 citations
Abstract Electromagnetically induced gratings (EIG) are created by standing-wave laser field in resonant media. Such gratings can be also created by few-cycle electromagnetic pulses counter-propagating in the medium via coherent Rabi oscillations of atomic inversion. In this case, instantaneous cross-section of the pulses in the medium is not necessary for grating formation. In this paper, we revise our recent results in study of such grating formation and their control by few-cycle pulses coherently propagating in a resonant medium. We demonstrate the grating formation and their control in three-level medium excited by three subcycle THz pulses.
We propose a scheme for effectively creating a type of all optical device called electromagnetically induced two-dimensional grating by utilizing a four-level coherent atomic medium, which is coherently driven by two orthogonal standing-wave fields. With a far-off resonant trigger field, a spatially modulated cross-phase modulation takes place accompanied by vanishing absorption. The resulting phase grating can diffract the probe beam into high-order directions. When a resonant trigger field is applied on the atoms, the probe obtains gain without inversion due to the atomic coherence effect. And then a gain-phase grating is formed. The diffraction efficiency can be significantly improved compared with that of phase grating. The results show that the diffraction efficiencies attainable by the gratings strongly depend on the interaction length, coherent field intensity, probe field detuning and coherent field detuning. Therefore, the proposed gratings can be used as two-dimensional multi-channel beam splitter which have potential application in optical networking and communication.
A two-level medium, described by the Maxwell-Bloch system, is engraved by establishing a standing cavity wave with a linearly polarized electromagnetic field that drives the medium on both ends. A light pulse, polarized along the other direction, then scatters the medium and couples to the cavity standing wave by means of the population inversion density variations. We demonstrate that control of the applied amplitudes of the grating field allows one to stop the light pulse and to make it move backward (eventually to drive it freely). A simplified limit model of the Maxwell-Bloch system with variable boundary driving is obtained as a discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation with tunable external potential. It reproduces qualitatively the dynamics of the driven light pulse.