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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Coherent effects on Rabi splitting and multiphoton absorption in an atomic tripod driven by two coupling fields

Saswata Ghosh

Published Mar 1, 2012• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A detailed analytical description of a Doppler-free probe response (absorption and dispersion) is presented for a coherently prepared four-level atomic tripod driven by two coupling fields. Under the density matrix formalism the field-dependent and field-independent coherence are introduced through the off-diagonal matrix elements. Field-dependent coherence appears due to the interference between the probability amplitudes of finding the atom in energy levels associated with the allowed transition, while field-independent phases measure the atomic coherence for a coherently prepared lower state triplet. The double-control coherent effects on the probe response are investigated by controlling the relative driving contribution (coherence) of the two coupling fields, whereas the driving contribution can be controlled by the use of field-independent coherence, along with two coupling parameters like Rabi frequency and detuning of the respective coupling field. We report on the possibility of modifying the Rabi splitting into a perfect electromagnetically induced transparent window at probe resonance by a coherent double-control mechanism in an on-resonance coupling situation. Moreover, for off-resonance coupling, we exhibit the enhancement of multiphoton (two- or three-photon) absorption via coherent control of multiresonance processes.

DOI
10.1364/josab.29.000493

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A detailed analytical description of a Doppler-free probe response (absorption and dispersion) is presented for a coherently prepared four-level atomic tripod driven by two coupling fields. Under the density matrix formalism the field-dependent and field-independent coherence are introduced through the off-diagonal matrix elements. Field-dependent coherence appears due to the interference between the probability amplitudes of finding the atom in energy levels associated with the allowed transition, while field-independent phases measure the atomic coherence for a coherently prepared lower state triplet. The double-control coherent effects on the probe response are investigated by controlling the relative driving contribution (coherence) of the two coupling fields, whereas the driving contribution can be controlled by the use of field-independent coherence, along with two coupling parameters like Rabi frequency and detuning of the respective coupling field. We report on the possibility of modifying the Rabi splitting into a perfect electromagnetically induced transparent window at probe resonance by a coherent double-control mechanism in an on-resonance coupling situation. Moreover, for off-resonance coupling, we exhibit the enhancement of multiphoton (two- or three-photon) absorption via coherent control of multiresonance processes.
The response of a coherently prepared four-level λ-type system, interacting with two electromagnetic fields in a Doppler-free pump–probe configuration is analytically formulated. Under density matrix formalism the probe coherence (field-dependent phase) and atomic coherence (field-independent phase) are introduced through the off-diagonal matrix elements. The coherent effects on probe response is investigated for probe coherence, as well as for the driving contribution (coherence) of the pump field. We show how probe coherence can modify the Rabi splitting and two-photon absorption, through shifting and broadening of spectral lines for on- and off-resonance pumping, respectively. In addition, we report on the enhancement of absorptionless dispersion (i.e. refractive index for on and around probe resonance) and two-photon absorption, via coherent control of the driving contribution of the pump field.
The application of two coupling/pump fields to an M-type six-level atomic system in order to manipulate the probe response is suggested in this paper. With the inverted population condition the analytical formulation of the probe response is examined under the purview of coupling field-induced double-control quantum interference effects at different detunings. In particular, we report electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency via controlling the driving contribution of two coupling fields on different probe transitions. These driving contributions of the two coupling fields rely on lower-level hyperfine coherence, detuning and strength.
Using matrix theory,the absorption and dispersion properties of a lamda-type four-level system driven by two coherent fields are investigated.The result obtained by means of numerical method indicates that by adjusting the intensity of Rabi frequencies of the coherent field in the steady state,double or single electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) can appear explicitly in this system.And the explanations of these phenomena are given by using the dressed states.In the double electromagnetically induced transparency,the location of transparent windows can be manipulated by controlling the detuning of the driving field.Additionally,it is also found that the medium shows a large refractive index at each transparency window,and the group velocity of the probe laser can be enhanced.
We theoretically study the coherent interaction of a tripod-type atomic system with three laser fields, i.e., one probe and two coupling, or two probe and one coupling field. Our analytical and numerical results show that, when all three fields are on two-photon resonance, in addition to the Rabi frequencies of the coupling fields, the probe group velocities also depend on the spontaneous decay rates and the initial population distribution. So we can manipulate the probe pulses to achieve controllable ultraslow group velocities by preparing different initial atomic states. With an incoherent pump field applied, a narrow transparent window accompanied by abnormal dispersion may occur in the probe absorption spectrum, which then allows us to switch a probe pulse from ultraslow to superluminal propagation.
Using density matrix eqution, the absorption and dispersion properties of a A-type four-level system driven by coherent fields are investigated. The result obtained by means of numerical method indicates that by adjusting the intensity of Rabi frequencies of the coherent field in the steady state, three, double or single electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can appear explicitly in this system. And the explanations of these phenomena are given by using the dressed states. In the three EIT, the location of transparent windows can be manipulated by controlling the detuning of the driving field. What's more, it is also found that the medium shows a large refractive index at each transparency window, and the group velocity of the probe laser can be enhanced.
The absorption properties in an inverted-tripod scheme atomic system driven by the coherent fields are investigated by means of the semiclassical theory.The result obtained by means of numerical method indicates that by adjusting the Rabi frequencies of the coherent fields,there appear triple,double,single electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT).In the triple EIT,the location of transparent windows can be controlled by adjusting the detunings for the coherent fields,and changes continuously,i.e.there exist a series of continuous frequencies for the probe field propagating in an atomic medium without absorption in a certain range.Finally,the explanations of these phenomena are given by using the dressed states.