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Physical Review A

Tunable phase gate for two atoms with an immunity to decoherence

Shi‐Biao Zheng, Guang‐Can Guo

Published May 31, 2006• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme is presented for realizing a tunable phase gate for two atoms. The scheme is based on atom-cavity interaction and linear optics elements. In comparison with previous schemes, the distinct advantage is that the fidelity of the gate is not affected by the atomic spontaneous emission, cavity decay, and imperfection of the photodetectors, which is important for implementing high-fidelity quantum gates under realistic conditions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.73.052328

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A scheme is presented for realizing a tunable phase gate for two atoms. The scheme is based on atom-cavity interaction and linear optics elements. In comparison with previous schemes, the distinct advantage is that the fidelity of the gate is not affected by the atomic spontaneous emission, cavity decay, and imperfection of the photodetectors, which is important for implementing high-fidelity quantum gates under realistic conditions.
A scheme is proposed to realize a two-qubit quantum phase gate for the intracavity modes. In the scheme, two qubits are encoded in zero- and one-photon Fock states of two intracavity modes, and the three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atom trapped in a high-QQQ cavity mediates the conditional phase gate within a given interaction time. The influence of cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission on the gate fidelity is also discussed.
We propose a scheme for implementing a two-qubit quantum phase gate for intracavity fields. In the scheme, two qubits are encoded in zero- and one-photon Fock states of two intracavity modes, and a four-level N\mathsf{N}N-type atomic ensemble trapped in a cavity mediates the conditional phase gate within a given interaction time. We also discuss the influence of the atomic spontaneous emission and the decay of the cavity modes on the photon loss and gate fidelity, showing the scheme is within the current experiment technology.
We propose a scheme for realizing two-qubit quantum phase gates via an unconventional geometric phase shift with atoms in a cavity. In the scheme the atoms interact simultaneously with a highly detuned cavity mode and a classical field. The atoms undergo no transitions during the gate operation, while the cavity mode is displaced along a circle in the phase space, aquiring a geometric phase conditional upon the atomic state. Under certain conditions, the atoms are disentangled with the cavity mode and thus the gate is insensitive to both the atomic spontaneous emission and the cavity decay.
Any quantum computation can be simplified to a gate sequence. But the quantum computation is carried out by a certain physical system. We propose here a scheme to carry out two-atom quantum controlled phase gate through cavity QED. In our scheme, the atomic transition is largely detuned with the cavity mode of interest, so the atomic spontaneous emission loss is strongly suppressed, and this leads to the enhancement of probability of gate operation. But fidelity is decided by constantsα,β,γ. The numerical calculation based on current experimental technology shows that our scheme has high gate fidelity, the average value of fidelity F = 0.982318. That scheme can be realized by experiment.