Several evidences, typical of a superfluorescence effect, have been obtained for the first time under continuous excitation. Emission from Er 3+ in LiYF 4 at 10 K is obtained at 2.72 μm with a threshold of ≃ 3 mW of absorbed power at 6470 Å.
Single-mode cw lasing was obtained for the first time in Yb 3+ : GGG crystals at room temperature at 1.030 and 1.037 μm upon pumping Yb 3+ ions by a 0.925-μm neodymium-doped fibre laser. Lasing was observed at the transitions between the lower Stark sublevel of the 2 F 5/2 level and the upper Stark sublevels of the 2 F 7/2 ground state of Yb 3+ ions. The study of lasing characteristic showed that lasing occurs according to the four-level scheme. The lasing threshold with respect to the absorbed power was 85 mW and the slope lasing efficiency was 20%. Upon 1.7-W pumping, the output power of 310 mW was achieved with the output resonator mirror with the transmission coefficient of 1%. The effective cross section of the lasing transition was 0.9 × 10 -20 cm 2 .
We demonstrate backward-directed continuous-wave (cw) emission at 2.21 {\mu}m generated on the 4P3/2-4S1/2 population-inverted transition in Na vapors two-photon excited with resonant laser light at 589 and 569 nm. Our study of power and atom-number-density threshold characteristics shows that lasing occurs at sub-10 mW total power of the applied laser light. The observed 6 mrad divergence is defined mainly by the aspect ratio of the gain region. We find that mirrorless lasing at 2.21 {\mu}m is magnetic field and polarization dependent that may be useful for remote magnetometry. The presented results could help determine the requirements for obtaining directional return from sodium atoms in the mesosphere