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Chinese Physics Letters

Schemes for Generating Cluster States via Cavity Systems

Du Gang, Lai Bo-Hui, Yu Ya-Fei, Zhi‐Ming Zhang

Published Sep 29, 2009• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for generating an N-atom cluster state via cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). In our scheme, there is no transfer of quantum information between the atoms and the cavity, i.e., the cavity is always in the vacuum state, so the cavity decay can be suppressed. Also, the generated cluster state is the entanglement of the ground states, so the atomic spontaneous emission can be avoided. Therefore, the cluster state generated in our scheme has a longer lifetime. Furthermore, the requirement on the quality factor of the cavity greatly loosened for the cavity is only virtually excited.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/26/10/104201

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We propose a scheme for generating an N-atom cluster state via cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). In our scheme, there is no transfer of quantum information between the atoms and the cavity, i.e., the cavity is always in the vacuum state, so the cavity decay can be suppressed. Also, the generated cluster state is the entanglement of the ground states, so the atomic spontaneous emission can be avoided. Therefore, the cluster state generated in our scheme has a longer lifetime. Furthermore, the requirement on the quality factor of the cavity greatly loosened for the cavity is only virtually excited.
We present a scheme to generate cluster states with many atoms in cavity QED via Raman transition. In this scheme, no transfer of quantum information between the atoms and cavities is required, the cavity fields are only virtually excited and thus the cavity decay is suppressed during the generation of cluster states. The atoms are always populated in the two ground states. Therefore, the scheme is insensitive to the atomic spontaneous emission and cavity decay. We also show how to transfer quantum information from one atom to another.
We propose two schemes for the generation of cluster states. One is based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) techniques. The scheme only requires resonant interactions between two atoms and a single-mode cavity. The interaction time is very short, which is important in view of decoherence. Furthermore, we also discuss the cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission case. The other is based on atomic ensembles. The scheme has an inherent fault tolerance function and is robust to realistic noise and imperfections. All the facilities used in our schemes are well within the current technology.
We propose a scheme to generate four Bell states and a four-atom entangled cluster state in a thermal cavity. The photon-number-dependent parts in the effective Hamiltonian are canceled with the assistance of a strong classical field. The cavity field is only virtually excited; no quantum information will be transferred from the atoms to the cavity and thus the scheme is insensitive to the cavity decay and the thermal field. The scheme can also be used to generate the cluster state for the trapped ions.
This paper proposes a simple scheme to generate a four-atom entangled cluster state in cavity quantum electrodynamics. With the assistantce of a strong classical field the cavity is only virtually excited and no quantum information will be transferred from the atoms to the cavity during the preparation for a four-atom entangled cluster state, and thus the scheme is insensitive to the cavity field states and cavity decay. Assuming that deviation of laser intensity is 0.01 and that of simultaneity for the interaction is 0.01, it shows that the fidelity of the resulting four-atom entangled cluster state is about 0.9886. The scheme can also be used to generate a four-ion entangled cluster state in a hot trapped-ion system. Assuming that deviation of laser intensity is 0.01, it shows that the fidelity of the resulting four-ion entangled cluster state is about 0.9990. Experimental feasibility for achieving this scheme is also discussed.
A scheme is proposed for the generation of W entangled states for several atoms trapped in a cavity by detecting photon decay. The scheme works in the regime, where the cavity decay rate is larger than the atom-cavity coupling strength. Thus, the requirement for the quality factor of the cavity is greatly loosened, which is of importance in view of experiment. Another advantage of this scheme is that the atoms are always populated in two ground states coupled by Raman transitions, thus the spontaneous emission can also be suppressed.