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Physics Letters A

Optical-EPR double resonance studies of erbium doped lithium yttrium fluoride

Stanley M. Kulpa, Joseph Nemarich

Published Jan 1, 1975• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(75)90127-9

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Rare earth ions are known as promising candidates for building quantum light-matter interface. However, tunable photonic cavity access to rare earth ions in their desired host crystal remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the integration of erbium doped yttrium orthosilicate (Er3+:Y2SiO5) with thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuit by plasma-activated direct flip chip bonding. Resonant coupling to erbium ions is realized by on-chip electro-optically tuned high Q lithium niobate micro-ring resonators. Fluorescence and absorption of erbium ions at 1536.48 nm are measured in the waveguides, while the collective ion-cavity cooperativity with micro-ring resonators is assessed to be 0.36. This work presents a versatile scheme for future rare earth ion integrated quantum devices.

Optics Express•Apr 26, 2021•10 citations
We report the first demonstration of solid-state optical refrigeration of a Ho-doped material. A 1 mol% Ho-doped Yttrium Lithium Fluoride (YLF) crystal is cooled by mid-IR laser radiation, and its external quantum efficiency and parasitic background absorption are evaluated. Using detailed temperature-dependent spectroscopic analysis the minimum achievable temperature of a 1% Ho:YLF sample is estimated. Owing to its narrower ground- and excited-state manifolds, larger absorption cross-section, and coincidence of optimum cooling wavelength of 2070 nm with commercially available high-power and highly efficient Tm-fiber lasers, Ho^3+-doped crystals are superior to Tm^3+-doped systems for mid-IR optical refrigeration. With further improvement in material purity and increased doping concentration, they offer great potential towards enhancing the cooling efficiency nearly two-fold over the best current Yb:YLF systems, achieving lower temperatures as well as for realization of eye-safe mid-IR high-power radiation balanced lasers.
Rare earth ions are known as promising candidates for building quantum light-matter interface. However, tunable photonic cavity access to rare earth ions in their desired host crystal remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the integration of erbium doped yttrium orthosilicate (Er3+:Y2SiO5) with thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuit by plasma-activated direct flip chip bonding. Resonant coupling to erbium ions is realized by on-chip electro-optically tuned high Q lithium niobate micro-ring resonators. Fluorescence and absorption of erbium ions at 1536.48 nm are measured in the waveguides, while the collective ion-cavity cooperativity with micro-ring resonators is assessed to be 0.36. This work presents a versatile scheme for future rare earth ion integrated quantum devices.