Like Discord, Measurement-Induced Disturbance (MID) is defined based on the fact that measurements disturb quantum systems. However, MID is symmetric and involves no maximizations. I investigate various MID projectors selected for realistic systems.
Noisy quantum walks are studied from the perspective of comparing their quantumness as defined by two popular measures, measurement-induced disturbance (MID) and quantum discord (QD). While the former has an operational definition, unlike the latter, it also tends to overestimate nonclassicality because of a lack of optimization over local measurements. Applied to quantum walks, we find that MID, while acting as a loose upper bound on QD, still tends to reflect correctly trends in the behavior of the latter. However, there are regimes where its behavior is not indicative of nonclassicality: in particular, we find an instance where MID increases with the application of noise, where we expect a reduction of quantumness.
Quantum correlations in Werner derivatives are studied with two different approaches, i.e., measurement-induced disturbance (MID) [ Phys. Rev. A 77 (2008) 022301 ] and ameliorated MID (AMID) [ J. Phys. A 44 (2011) 352002 ]. They are derived via strict deductions with MID while numerically calculated via the measurement optimization with AMID. Interestingly, quantum correlations captured with both approaches are completely coincident. Moreover, some distinct features of the quantum correlations and their underlying physics are exposed via analyses and discussions.
Quantum discord, a measure of quantum correlation beyond entanglement, is initially defined as the discord between two classically equivalent while quantum discordant definitions of mutual information. In this paper, we report some new interpretations of discord which rely on the differences between measurement-induced effects on the local measured system and the whole system. Specifically, with proper quantitative definitions introduced in Buscemi et al (2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 210504), we find that quantum discord can be interpreted as the differences of measurement-induced disturbance or information gain on the local measured system and on the whole system. Combined with previous similar results based on measurement-induced entanglement and decoherence, our results provide a unified view on quantum discord.
We study quantum correlations beyond entanglement in two-mode Gaussian states of continuous-variable systems by means of the measurement-induced disturbance (MID) and its ameliorated version (AMID). In analogy with the recent studies of the Gaussian quantum discord, we define a Gaussian AMID by constraining the optimization to all bi-local Gaussian positive operator valued measurements. We solve the optimization explicitly for relevant families of states, including squeezed thermal states. Remarkably, we find that there is a finite subset of two-mode Gaussian states comprising pure states where non-Gaussian measurements such as photon counting are globally optimal for the AMID and realize a strictly smaller state disturbance compared to the best Gaussian measurements. However, for the majority of two-mode Gaussian states the unoptimized MID provides a loose overestimation of the actual content of quantum correlations, as evidenced by its comparison with Gaussian discord. This feature displays strong similarity with the case of two qubits. Upper and lower bounds for the Gaussian AMID at fixed Gaussian discord are identified. We further present a comparison between Gaussian AMID and Gaussian entanglement of formation, and classify families of two-mode states in terms of their Gaussian AMID, Gaussian discord, and Gaussian entanglement of formation. Our findings provide a further confirmation of the genuinely quantum nature of general Gaussian states, yet they reveal that non-Gaussian measurements can play a crucial role for the optimized extraction and potential exploitation of classical and nonclassical correlations in Gaussian states.