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Physical Review A

Controlling two-particle conditional interference

E. J. S. Fonseca, J. C. Machado da Silva, Carlos Henrique Monken, Sebastião Pádua

Published Jan 4, 2000• 43 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Conditional interference fringes are found when parametric down-converted photon pairs are sent to two Young's double slits. The transmitted photon pairs are detected in coincidence as a function of the transverse spatial coordinates. Conditional interference is found in the fourth-order interference pattern with and without second-order interference. A quantum multimode calculation shows that the fourth-order Young interference pattern is strongly dependent on the transverse profile of the pump laser that generates the twin photon pairs. Conditionality is observed by tailoring this profile. A control of the conditionality is obtained via the pump laser beam transverse profile.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.61.023801

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Conditional interference fringes are found when parametric down-converted photon pairs are sent to two Young's double slits. The transmitted photon pairs are detected in coincidence as a function of the transverse spatial coordinates. Conditional interference is found in the fourth-order interference pattern with and without second-order interference. A quantum multimode calculation shows that the fourth-order Young interference pattern is strongly dependent on the transverse profile of the pump laser that generates the twin photon pairs. Conditionality is observed by tailoring this profile. A control of the conditionality is obtained via the pump laser beam transverse profile.
Theory and experiment of two-photon lquotlquotlquotdirectrquotrquotrquot interference for type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion with an ultrafast pulse laser pump
Fourth-order spatial interference of entangled photon pairs generated in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion pumped by a femtosecond pulse laser has been performed for the first time. In theory, it takes into account the transverse correlation between the two photons and is used to calculate the dependence of the visibility of the interference pattern obtained in Young’s double-slit experiment. In this experiment, a short focal length lens and two narrow band interference filters were adopted to eliminate the effects of the broadband pump laser and improve the visibility of the interference pattern under the condition of nearly collinear light and degenerate phase matching.
In this work, we study the role of quantum entanglement in a double-slit Young interference experiment that uses a pair of photons generated by parametric down-conversion. The quantum state of these photons is calculated for a general case, where they are transmitted through apertures placed in their paths. Considering those apertures as double-slits we show that is possible to treat this system as two qubits. In this way we relate the fourth-order interference patterns with the degree of entanglement of twin photons. 1
We review some recent experiments based upon multimode two-photon interference of photon pairs created by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The new element provided by these experiments is the inclusion of the transverse spatial profiles of the pump, signal and idler fields. We discuss multimode Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, and show that the transverse profile of the pump beam can be manipulated in order to control two-photon interference. We present the basic theory and experimental results as well as several applications to the field of quantum information.
We review some recent experiments based upon multimode two-photon interference of photon pairs created by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The new element provided by these experiments is the inclusion of the transverse spatial profiles of the pump, signal and idler fields. We discuss multimode Hong–Ou–Mandel interference, and show that the transverse profile of the pump beam can be manipulated in order to control two-photon interference. We present the basic theory and experimental results as well as several applications to the field of quantum information.
We have used the transverse correlated properties of the entangled photon pairs generated in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion,which is pumped by a femtosecond pulse laser,to perform Young's interference experiment.Unlike the case of a continuous wave laser pump,a broadband pulse laser pump can submerge an interference pattern.In order to obtain a high visibility interference pattern,we used a lens with a tunable focal length and two interference filters to eliminate the effects of the broadband pump laser.It is proven that the process of two-photon direct interference is a post-selection process.