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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Quantum State Transfer in Engineered Spin Chain under Influence of Spatially Distributed Environment

Zhou Lan, Jing Lu, Shi Tao

Published Aug 1, 2009• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been shown that a quantum state could be perfectly transferred via a spin chain with engineered “always-on interaction". In this paper, we study a more realistic problem for such a quantum state transfer (QST) protocol, how the efficacy of QST is reduced by the quantum decoherence induced by a spatially distributed environment. Here, the environment is universally modeled as a bath of fermions located in different positions. By making use of the irreducible tensor method in angular momentum theory, we investigate the effect of environment on the efficiency of QST for both cases at zero and finite temperatures. We not only show the generic exponential decay of QST efficiency as the number of sites increase, but also find some counterintuitive effect, the QST can be enhanced as temperature increases in some cases.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/52/2/07

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It has been shown that a quantum state could be perfectly transferred via a spin chain with engineered “always-on interaction". In this paper, we study a more realistic problem for such a quantum state transfer (QST) protocol, how the efficacy of QST is reduced by the quantum decoherence induced by a spatially distributed environment. Here, the environment is universally modeled as a bath of fermions located in different positions. By making use of the irreducible tensor method in angular momentum theory, we investigate the effect of environment on the efficiency of QST for both cases at zero and finite temperatures. We not only show the generic exponential decay of QST efficiency as the number of sites increase, but also find some counterintuitive effect, the QST can be enhanced as temperature increases in some cases.
A perfect quantum state transfer(QST) has been shown in an engineered spin chain with "always-on interaction". Here, we consider a more realistic problem for such a protocol, the quantum decoherence induced by a spatially distributed environment, which is universally modeled as a bath of harmonic oscillators. By making use of the irreducible tensor method in angular momentum theory, we investigate the effect of decoherence on the efficiency of QST for both cases at zero and finite temperatures. We not only show the generic exponential decay of QST efficiency as the number of sites increase, but also find some counterintuitive effect, the QST can be enhanced as temperature increase.
We propose and analyze an efficient high-dimensional quantum state transfer protocol in an XX coupling spin network with a hypercube structure or chain structure. Under free spin wave approximation, unitary evolution results in a perfect high-dimensional quantum swap operation requiring neither external manipulation nor weak coupling. Evolution time is independent of either distance between registers or dimensions of sent states, which can improve the computational efficiency. In the low temperature regime and thermodynamic limit, the decoherence caused by a noisy environment is studied with a model of an antiferromagnetic spin bath coupled to quantum channels via an Ising-type interaction. It is found that while the decoherence reduces the fidelity of state transfer, increasing intra-channel coupling can strongly suppress such an effect. These observations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed scheme.
We propose and analyze an efficient high-dimensional quantum state transfer protocol in an XX coupling spin network with a hypercube structure or chain structure. Under free spin wave approximation, unitary evolution results in a perfect high-dimensional quantum swap operation requiring neither external manipulation nor weak coupling. Evolution time is independent of either distance between registers or dimensions of sent states, which can improve the computational efficiency. In the low temperature regime and thermodynamic limit, the decoherence caused by a noisy environment is studied with a model of an antiferromagnetic spin bath coupled to quantum channels via an Ising-type interaction. It is found that while the decoherence reduces the fidelity of state transfer, increasing intra-channel coupling can strongly suppress such an effect. These observations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed scheme.
We analyze the role of bath temperature, coherence and entanglement on excitation transfer in a spin chain induced by the environment. In Markovian regime, we show that coherence and entanglement are very sensitive to bath temperature and vanish in time in contrary to the case of having zero-temperature bath. That is while, finding the last qubit of the chain in excited state increases by increasing the bath temperature. The obtained results show the destructive role of temperature on coherence and entanglement and confirm that these quantum mechanical features cannot affect probability of finding the last qubit in excited state.
We investigate the influence of environmental noise on spin networks and spin chains. In addition to the common model of an independent bath for each spin in the system we also consider noise with a finite spatial correlation length. We present the emergence of decoherence-free subspaces and different dynamics with increasing correlation length for both dephasing and dissipating environments. This leads to relaxation blocking of one spin by uncoupled surrounding spins. We then consider perfect state transfer through a spin chain in the presence of decoherence and discuss the dependence of the transfer quality on spatial noise correlation length. We identify qualitatively different features for dephasing and dissipative environments in spin-transfer problems.
Abstract Transmission of a quantum state is essential for performing quantum information processing tasks. The communication channel will be inevitably immersed in its surrounding environment under realistic conditions. In this paper, we investigate the influence of environment noise on the transmission fidelity when transferring a quantum state through a spin chain. The non-Markovian open system dynamics is systematically analyzed by using the quantum state diffusion equation method. With each spin immersed in its own finite temperature and non-Markovian heat bath, we consider three types of system–bath interaction: dephasing, dissipation and spin-boson. The transmission fidelity is found to decrease with the increasing bath temperature and system–bath coupling strength. Interestingly, we find that the bath non-Markovianity can help enhancing the transmission fidelity.