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Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Surface critical behavior of the semi-infinite Blume-Emery-Griffiths model

A. Bakchich, M. El Bouziani

Published Nov 1, 1997• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Phase transitions of the three-dimensional semi-infinite Blume-Emery-Griffiths model, extended to negative biquadratic interactions, are investigated within the framework of the mean-field approximation in comparison with the real-space renormalization-group results found previously. All the possible qualitative types of phase diagrams characterizing phase transitions of the model, including high entropy ferrimagnetic and staggered quadrupolar phases, have been determined. It is shown that such a system can exhibit critical and tricritical behavior on the surface and multicritical points.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.56.11161

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Phase transitions of the three-dimensional semi-infinite Blume-Emery-Griffiths model, extended to negative biquadratic interactions, are investigated within the framework of the mean-field approximation in comparison with the real-space renormalization-group results found previously. All the possible qualitative types of phase diagrams characterizing phase transitions of the model, including high entropy ferrimagnetic and staggered quadrupolar phases, have been determined. It is shown that such a system can exhibit critical and tricritical behavior on the surface and multicritical points.
Using a renormalization-group transformation in position space based on the Migdal-Kadanoff recursion relations, we investigate the three-dimensional semi-infinite cubic spin-32\frac{3}{2}23​ Blume-Emery-Griffiths model with single-site uniaxial anisotropy and nearest-neighbor pair interactions, both bilinear and biquadratic. The fixed-point topologies and corresponding phase diagrams predicted for this model are presented. Attention is focused on the renormalization-group description of the surface critical behaviors, in comparison with the mean-field approximation results. Three main classes of system phase diagrams are determined, featuring a rich variety of phase transitions associated with the surface with type being according to the values of bulk and surface interaction parameters. Surface critical, tricritical, bicritical, and multicritical points are also found.
We investigate the three-dimensional semi-infinite Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) model using the Migdal-Kadanoff renormalization-group method. The parameter space is six dimensional. We find 69 fixed points describing a large variety of critical behaviors and discuss various semi-infinite models which are special cases of the BEG model such as the Blume-Capel model. For this last model we determine the various generic types of phase diagrams according to the values of the interactions on the surface and in the bulk of the system.
As a function of the ratio R of bulk and surface interactions and the ratio D of bulk and surface crystal field we have determined, within the framework both of the mean-field approximation and by renormalization-group techniques, various types of phase diagram of a three-dimensional semi-infinite ferromagnetic spin-3/2 Blume-Capel model. We found that there exist four main types of phase diagram showing a variety of phase transitions associated with the surface and unusual multicritical topologies, including ordinary, extraordinary, surface and special phase transitions. Moreover, in the ( R , D ) plane, we determined the domains in which the system exhibits a particular type of phase diagram.
Phase transitions of a four-component lattice gas or spin-3/2 Blume-Emery-Griffiths model, with a single-ion uniaxial anisotropy and nearest-neighbour pair interactions, both bilinear and biquadratic, are investigated for two-dimensional lattices using an approximate renormalization-group approach of the Migdal-Kadanoff type. The set of fixed points and flows provide the characteristic phase diagrams, in the case of repulsive biquadratic interaction, featuring four ordered phases including high-entropy ferrimagnetic and staggered quadrupolar phases. Successive phase transitions and multicritical points are also found.
The spin-1 Ising model on the square lattice with nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic exchange interactions [both bilinear (JJJ) and biquadratic (KKK) and crystal-field interaction ($\ensuremath{\Delta}$) is studied via a renormalization-group transformation in position space. The phase diagram in JJJ, KKK, $\ensuremath{\Delta}$ space is found to have one surface of critical phase transitions and two surfaces of first-order phase transitions. These surfaces are variously bounded by an ordinary tricritical line, an isolated critical line, and a line of critical end points. These three lines joint at a special tricritical point corresponding to the transition of the three-state Potts model. The over-all phase diagram is qualitatively similar to that obtained with the mean-field approximation, except in the vicinity of the Potts transition where a four-phase coexistence line in mean-field theory shrinks into a special tricritical point in renormalization-group theory. Symmetry considerations guide the construction of our truncated renormalization-group transformation. The global connectivity and local exponents of the thirteen separate fixed points underlying this quite complicated structure are determined. Local analysis with respect to magnetic field (HHH) and another odd interaction (LLL) is performed. A one-adjusted-parameter version of our transformation yields remarkably quantitative results, predicting the Potts transition temperature, for example, within 0.3% of the exact value.
A prefaced renormalization-group study indicates that all three features of the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model with repulsive biquadratic interaction, namely (1) a critical-end-point structure occurring inside the ferromagnetic phase, (2) disordered-ferromagnetic-disordered reentrance, and (3) a ferrimagnetic phase sandwiched between the ferromagnetic and antiquadrupolar phases, survive fluctuations in three dimensions but not in two dimensions. The renormalization-group mechanism for a critical-end-point structure inside the ordered phase is shown to be the same as that originally found for a critical-end-point structure inside the disordered phase, namely a distinct hybrid fixed point, contrary to a previous claim.