Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Modification of resonance Raman scattering in very intense laser fields

Claude N. Cohen-Tannoudji, Serge Reynaud

Published Feb 21, 1977• 148 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The general method developed in a previous paper (see ibid., vol.10, p.345 (1977)) is applied to the problem of resonance Raman scattering in very intense laser fields. At very low intensities the spectrum consists of three monochromatic lines (Rayleigh, Raman Stokes and anti-Stokes) which split into a triplet and two doublets when the laser light, tuned on one of the two transitions connecting the upper state to the two lower sublevels, has a sufficiently high intensity to saturate this transition but not the second one. The Raman and Rayleigh lines are completely mixed when the intensity becomes so high that both transitions are saturated. The corresponding evolution of the spectrum is determined. Optical-pumping effects leading to asymmetries in the fluorescence spectrum are taken into account.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/10/3/006

Related papers

Resonance fluorescence from linearly coupled vibronic systems: stationary spectrum

H. Kühn, W. Vogel, D.‐G. Welsch

Using the model of displaced potential energy surfaces, we studied the spectrum of the resonance fluorescence light from vibronic systems. In this model, equal vibrational frequencies in the two electronic quantum states allow many vibronic transitions to be in resonance with a monochromatic driving laser field tuned to the electronic transition frequency. Level splittings in the strong-field case give rise to a multiple-line spectrum of the scattered light. In particular, the Rayleigh component consists of a superimposed series of triplets, whereas the Raman part is built up by superimposed quadruplets.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jul 1, 1992•2 citations

Spectral modification of the Stokes line of a Raman-coupled three-level system in a cavity

Gautam Gangopadhyay, Deb Shankar Ray

We have investigated the spectral modification of the Raman Stokes line in the cavity version of Raman scattering where a three-level system in the \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration interacts with an externally driven pump mode and a Stokes mode in a cavity. Anti-Stokes modes are eliminated by the cavity-resonance condition. At very low intensities the spectrum consists of a single-peak structure (Raman Stokes) that splits into a doublet when the external pump field is sufficiently intense so that the effective Rabi frequency exceeds the rate of spontaneous emission. At very high intensity, however, a triplet structure appears where the strong sidebands are symmetrically separated from the central weak band.

Physical Review A•Feb 1, 1992•4 citations

Theory of resonant Raman scattering of intense optical waves

G. S. Agarwal, Sudhanshu Shekhar Jha

The theory of resonant Raman scattering in the presence of intense incident and scattered light waves has been developed, using the quantum-mechanical master-equation approach. When the optical matrix elements between the resonant intermediate state and the initial and final states of the atomic system are larger than the relevant relaxation frequencies, it is shown that instead of the usual power broadening and shift of the Stokes or anti-Stokes line, each line can split into as many as five or seven lines, depending upon whether both the fields are exactly at resonance or otherwise.

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Aug 28, 1979•66 citations

Theory of resonance fluorescence from vibronic systems: stationary spectrum

W. Vogel, D.‐G. Welsch

The stationary second-order spectrum of the resonance-fluorescence light from a vibronic system is studied in a nonperturbative manner. In the model used the potential energy surfaces for the vibrational motion in the electronic ground state and in the excited state are assumed to be displaced and distorted relative to each other. The calculations are performed for the case when the frequency of the driving laser field is tuned to the vibrationless electronic transition. In particular, in the high-driving-field limit the vibrationless transition exhibits a triplet structure, the sidebands being narrower and higher in comparison with the well-known two-level case. The Raman lines are shifted and split into doublets, the linewidths being determined by the electronic as well as the vibrational relaxation rates.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 1, 1986•4 citations

Kinetics and spectroscopy of near-resonant optical pumping in intense fields

Frederick H. Mies, Y. Ben Aryeh

The resonant Raman scattering in a three level system produces an optical pumping of molecules from the initial to the final states which are radiatively coupled to the intermediate resonant state. We consider the pumping that is produced by an intense, pulsed, monochromatic radiation field that is near-resonant with the initial resonance frequency. The Heitler–Ma damping theory is solved exactly for the case when the resonance fluorescence is weak compared to the Raman scattering, or any other processes which might cause irreversible decay of the resonant state. In particular, we examine the usefulness of dressed states to describe the intense field limit. The spectral line shape for the Raman scattering is obtained. The transient behavior following the onset of the laser pulse is examined and a careful analysis of the pumping rate and its relationship to both weak and strong field theories is presented.

The Journal of Chemical Physics•Jan 1, 1981•8 citations

Line Shape of Spontaneous Resonance Hyper-Raman Scattering of Intense Optical Fields

Ludmila S. Kancheva, S. Rashev

The splitting of the line of resonance scattered light from atomic systems, being a mong the most interesting phenomena in resonance nonlinear optics has received considerable attention during the past decade [1–11]. It is known by now that the number of lines into which the spontaneous scattered light spectrum splits, grows up with increasing the number N of strongly coupled atomic (or molecular) levels as N(N-1)+1 [10, 11]. But while the character of resonance fluorescence (RF) from a two- and three-level systems has been extensively studied [1–91], the number of papers devoted to the spectral structure of scattered light from systems with N>3 is scarce. In reality there is only one work [12], known to us, which treat s certain aspects of the spectrum of RF from a four-level system irradiated by three strong light fields at exact resonance.

Spectroscopy Letters•Jul 1, 1983•1 citation
The general method developed in a previous paper (see ibid., vol.10, p.345 (1977)) is applied to the problem of resonance Raman scattering in very intense laser fields. At very low intensities the spectrum consists of three monochromatic lines (Rayleigh, Raman Stokes and anti-Stokes) which split into a triplet and two doublets when the laser light, tuned on one of the two transitions connecting the upper state to the two lower sublevels, has a sufficiently high intensity to saturate this transition but not the second one. The Raman and Rayleigh lines are completely mixed when the intensity becomes so high that both transitions are saturated. The corresponding evolution of the spectrum is determined. Optical-pumping effects leading to asymmetries in the fluorescence spectrum are taken into account.
Using the model of displaced potential energy surfaces, we studied the spectrum of the resonance fluorescence light from vibronic systems. In this model, equal vibrational frequencies in the two electronic quantum states allow many vibronic transitions to be in resonance with a monochromatic driving laser field tuned to the electronic transition frequency. Level splittings in the strong-field case give rise to a multiple-line spectrum of the scattered light. In particular, the Rayleigh component consists of a superimposed series of triplets, whereas the Raman part is built up by superimposed quadruplets.
We have investigated the spectral modification of the Raman Stokes line in the cavity version of Raman scattering where a three-level system in the \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration interacts with an externally driven pump mode and a Stokes mode in a cavity. Anti-Stokes modes are eliminated by the cavity-resonance condition. At very low intensities the spectrum consists of a single-peak structure (Raman Stokes) that splits into a doublet when the external pump field is sufficiently intense so that the effective Rabi frequency exceeds the rate of spontaneous emission. At very high intensity, however, a triplet structure appears where the strong sidebands are symmetrically separated from the central weak band.
The theory of resonant Raman scattering in the presence of intense incident and scattered light waves has been developed, using the quantum-mechanical master-equation approach. When the optical matrix elements between the resonant intermediate state and the initial and final states of the atomic system are larger than the relevant relaxation frequencies, it is shown that instead of the usual power broadening and shift of the Stokes or anti-Stokes line, each line can split into as many as five or seven lines, depending upon whether both the fields are exactly at resonance or otherwise.
The stationary second-order spectrum of the resonance-fluorescence light from a vibronic system is studied in a nonperturbative manner. In the model used the potential energy surfaces for the vibrational motion in the electronic ground state and in the excited state are assumed to be displaced and distorted relative to each other. The calculations are performed for the case when the frequency of the driving laser field is tuned to the vibrationless electronic transition. In particular, in the high-driving-field limit the vibrationless transition exhibits a triplet structure, the sidebands being narrower and higher in comparison with the well-known two-level case. The Raman lines are shifted and split into doublets, the linewidths being determined by the electronic as well as the vibrational relaxation rates.
The resonant Raman scattering in a three level system produces an optical pumping of molecules from the initial to the final states which are radiatively coupled to the intermediate resonant state. We consider the pumping that is produced by an intense, pulsed, monochromatic radiation field that is near-resonant with the initial resonance frequency. The Heitler–Ma damping theory is solved exactly for the case when the resonance fluorescence is weak compared to the Raman scattering, or any other processes which might cause irreversible decay of the resonant state. In particular, we examine the usefulness of dressed states to describe the intense field limit. The spectral line shape for the Raman scattering is obtained. The transient behavior following the onset of the laser pulse is examined and a careful analysis of the pumping rate and its relationship to both weak and strong field theories is presented.
The splitting of the line of resonance scattered light from atomic systems, being a mong the most interesting phenomena in resonance nonlinear optics has received considerable attention during the past decade [1–11]. It is known by now that the number of lines into which the spontaneous scattered light spectrum splits, grows up with increasing the number N of strongly coupled atomic (or molecular) levels as N(N-1)+1 [10, 11]. But while the character of resonance fluorescence (RF) from a two- and three-level systems has been extensively studied [1–91], the number of papers devoted to the spectral structure of scattered light from systems with N>3 is scarce. In reality there is only one work [12], known to us, which treat s certain aspects of the spectrum of RF from a four-level system irradiated by three strong light fields at exact resonance.