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Journal of Luminescence

Ultrasound-induced echoes and quantum beats observed in the nuclear exciton decay utilizing synchrotron radiation

H. Jex, A. Ludwig, F.J. Hartmann, Erich Gerdau, O. Leupold

Published Feb 1, 1998• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0022-2313(97)00268-8

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The time evolution of the coherent decay of the nuclear exciton induced by 14.4 keV synchrotron radiation was observed with a system of two stainless-steel resonance absorbers. In between these foils, the radiation was Bragg-scattered from a vibrating quartz crystal. The ultrasound-modulated radiation disrupts the coherent superposition of the radiation from both targets. However, at times corresponding to multiples of the ultrasound period, spikes or dips in the decay were observed which are interpreted as ultrasound-induced echoes.
Synchrotron pulses will excite low lying nuclear levels, and in crystals, will create nuclear exciton states which are spatially coherent superpositions of the various excited state hyperfine levels of all the nuclei in the crystal. The subsequent radiative decay is radically affected by coherence, exhibiting both a speed-up due to "coherent enhancement", and a quantum beat modulation of the decay rate which gives a periodic speed-up/slow-down of the rate for photon decay into the coherent channels. For a nuclear exciton in an antiferromagnet, the quantum beat modulation will result in an interesting "temporal pendulösung" effect.
Pulse propagation through a two-resonance medium was investigated in nuclear forward scattering (NFS) of synchrotron radiation (SR). The SR pulse was coherently transmitted through a target system exhibiting two equivalent resonances, the energy separation of which was varied via the Doppler effect. This allowed a continuous change from a single-resonance medium to a two-resonance system with adjustable splitting. For increasing splitting, the observed time evolutions of NFS changed from a dynamical beat (DB) via hybrid forms of beating into a DB-modulated quantum beat. The experimental results were consistently fitted using a dynamical theory for NFS of SR.