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physica status solidi (b)

Expanded Bethe–Peierls approximation for the Ising model with S = 1/2 and 1

An Du, H. J. Liu, Yao Yu

Published Dec 10, 2003• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A expanded Bethe–Peierls approximation has been used to study the Ising model on honeycomb lattice, square lattice, kagomé lattice, triangular lattice and simple cubic lattice with spin S = 1/2 and 1. The spatial dimensionality of system is distinguished for different lattices. It is found that the transition temperatures on different lattices are much closer to the real values than those obtained by the effective field theory and the Bethe lattice approximation, and the transition temperatures of systems on kagomé lattice (z = 4) and trianguilar lattice (z = 6) are lower than those on square lattice (z = 4) and simple cubic lattice (z = 6), respectively. The static magnetic susceptibilities are also calculated. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

DOI
10.1002/pssb.200301904

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Abstract A expanded Bethe–Peierls approximation has been used to study the Ising model on honeycomb lattice, square lattice, kagomé lattice, triangular lattice and simple cubic lattice with spin S = 1/2 and 1. The spatial dimensionality of system is distinguished for different lattices. It is found that the transition temperatures on different lattices are much closer to the real values than those obtained by the effective field theory and the Bethe lattice approximation, and the transition temperatures of systems on kagomé lattice (z = 4) and trianguilar lattice (z = 6) are lower than those on square lattice (z = 4) and simple cubic lattice (z = 6), respectively. The static magnetic susceptibilities are also calculated. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The magnetic properties of the transverse Ising model with coordination number 6 (simple cubic lattice) and 4 (square lattice) are studied by using Bethe-Peierls approximation. For different transverse fields, the quantities of the two systems, such as the free energy, transverse and longitudinal magnetizations, internal energy and the magnetic specific heat, and so on, are calculated. It is found that the transverse field influences the quantities of the system very much and has the inhibiting effect on the spontaneous magnetization.
Abstract We study the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic properties of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets on two-dimensional lattices. Our analysis employs the sine-square deformation (SSD), in which a real-space envelope function is applied to the Hamiltonian so that the local energy scale is smoothly reduced to zero at the system boundaries. The quantum eigenstates of the SSD Hamiltonian exhibit bulk-like behavior near the system center, effectively mimicking the thermodynamic limit even in small finite-size calculations. Using these fictitious bulk states, we compute the energy density, specific heat, and magnetic susceptibility as functions of temperature. We find that both the triangular- and kagome-lattice antiferromagnets show either a shoulder or a pronounced double-peak structure in the low-temperature specific heat, whereas the kagome case particularly shows a strong enhancement of magnetic susceptibility down to the lowest temperature range. These direct comparisons, together with the square-lattice and one-dimensional cases, reveal that although both frustrated systems retain a substantial amount of entropy, the low-energy excitations below ∼ 0.5 J ∼0.5J\sim 0.5J∼0.5J of the kagome lattice are predominantly governed by the magnetic excited states, whereas not much for the triangular lattice.
The partition function of the 2D Ising model with random nearest-neighbour coupling is expressed in the dual lattice made of square plaquettes. The dual model is solved in the mean field and in different types of Bethe-Peierls approximations, using the replica method. The application of methods of mean-field type to Ising models allows one to obtain very accurate approximations of the thermodynamic quantities. However, in the presence of quenched disorder this approach is difficult to implement. In this paper, we show that rather good results can be obtained after performing a duality transformation of the Ising model with random nearest-neighbour coupling that assumes the values Jij D1 with equal probability. The model is thus defined on a dual lattice where the spin variables are attached to the square plaquettes. The advantage is that the quadratic term of the dual Hamiltonian has constant coefficients instead of random ones. It is therefore possible to use the standard methods of the mean field to estimate the quenched free energy. Our results can be generalized to higher dimensions, although the approximations become rougher, because the number of plaquette spins over the number of interaction links increases with the dimensionality (1). In particular, we obtain an extremely good estimate of the ground- state energy of the random Ising model, by applying the Bethe-Peierls approximation where part of the short-range order is taken into account. In section 1, we introduce the dual lattice made of elementary square plaquettes. On this lattice the partition function can be expressed as a function of the inverse temperature e D 1 ln tanh.1=T/ whereT D 1 is the temperature of the original lattice. In section 2, we apply the mean-field approximation to the dual model, using the replica method. In section 3, we introduce the Bethe-Peierls approximation. This allows us to obtain a very precise estimate of the ground-state energy of the two-dimensional Ising model with random coupling. In section 4, we show that it is possible to improve the Bethe-Peierls approximation by introducing an interaction between different replicas. In section 5, the reader will find some remarks and conclusions.
We investigate low- and high-temperature properties of the ferromagnetic Ising model of infinite-spin. By using the cummulant expansion methods, we obtain low-temperature expansions of the free energy, the specific heat, the spontaneous magnetization, the zero-field susceptibility and so on, and high-temperature expansions of the free energy and the zero-field susceptibility. We compare the results with those obtained by Thompson for the system on the one-dimensional lattice, with those by using Monte Carlo simulations for the systems on the square lattice and on the simple cubic lattice and with those with the aid of the mean-field approximation.
Within a new type of correlated-effective-field theory we calculate the effective-field parameters (including their response to external field), critical temperatures, susceptibility, short-range order parameters, and specific heat associated with an anisotropic, square-lattice, spin-\textonehalf{} Ising ferromagnet. The present formalism, which is shown to recover the Bethe-Peierls thermodynamics for the pure ZZZ-coordinated-lattice, spin-\textonehalf{} Ising model, yields satisfactory results; in particular, the crossover from a pure Ising ferromagnet on a square lattice to that on a linear chain is reasonably exhibited in the behavior of the susceptibility and the specific heat.