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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum beats in the dressed state nutation

Xiaomin Feng, Lianshui Zhang, Jian Wang, Lijun Yang, Zhonghong Zhuang

Published Nov 29, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In a V-shaped three-level double-resonance configuration, there is strong quantum beats superimposed in a nutation signal in the probe laser response. In this paper, the beats in the dressed state nutation is studied theoretically within dressed state picture and the result is presented. An important conclusion is that the strong quantum beats in such a configuration occurred mainly as a result of the intrinsic coherence of the dressed states. Our result extends the coherent transient study in bared atomic transition to dressed state transitions.

DOI
10.1117/12.756348

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In a V-shaped three-level double-resonance configuration, there is strong quantum beats superimposed in a nutation signal in the probe laser response. In this paper, the beats in the dressed state nutation is studied theoretically within dressed state picture and the result is presented. An important conclusion is that the strong quantum beats in such a configuration occurred mainly as a result of the intrinsic coherence of the dressed states. Our result extends the coherent transient study in bared atomic transition to dressed state transitions.
In this paper we present a theoretical study of the time-dependent probe response in the presence of a strong pump field in a three-level pump-probe configuration. Two situations are investigated: a cw pump with a pulsed probe field and a pulsed pump with a cw probe field. The results are explained as dressed-state nutation and nutation by dynamic Stark switching. Dressed-state quantum beats are also an important feature for both situations. Furthermore, when a 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} phase shift after a $\ensuremath{\pi}∕2$ period is introduced in the pulsed probe field, there is a spin locking in the dressed-state transition. Our results give a satisfactory theoretical account of a previous experimental observation [Wei et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1083 (1995)].
A theoretical study of the time-dependent probe response of a single electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) window to double EIT windows is presented by numerically solving the equations of motion of the density matrix in a quasi-A-four-level configuration.There is a coherent transient process with high quantum beats.This effect can be explained using the dressed state formalism.The quantum beats result from quantum coherence effect between the levels driven by RF field.The results show that when the probe field is on resonance with a bare-state transition,the beat frequency is one-half of RF Rabi frequency in transient absorption response.While the probe field is on resonance with a dressed-state transition,which results from the atom system interaction with strong RF field,the beat frequency equals the RF Rabi frequency in transient absorption response.
We experimentally investigate the transient dynamics of two-level atoms driven by a bichromatic optical excitation field when the bichromatic field is configured to contain a strong resonant component and a weaker nonresonant perturber component. We concentrate on the experimental situation in which the two-level atoms are prepared in an eigenstate (dressed state) of the coupled atom-resonant field system prior to exposure to the perturber field. We experimentally demonstrate perturber-field-induced, optical nutation of the dressed-state populations. We show how nutation of the dressed-state populations manifests itself in the fluorescence signal of the transiently driven atoms. We observe that the detuning of the perturber field from transitions between the dressed states of the atom-resonant field system plays the same role in determining the character of the dressed-state optical nutation as the atom-field detuning in the case of the ordinary optical nutation of atomic populations. Our experiments demonstrate the utility of the dressed-atom picture in understanding the complex dynamics of bichromatically driven atoms in a variety of circumstances.
Quantum beats can be observed when an atomic system is prepared in a coherent superposition of eigenstates. It manifests the most basic concept of quantum mechanics: coherence, and has been studied extensively. The common configuration for studying quantum beats is that a three-level system interacts with a pulse excitation, where either upper or lower level can be a closely- spaced doublet [1], We report here a new type of quantum beats, dressed-state quantum beats, observed in a three-level pump-probe configuration (Fig. 1). The three-level system and experimental detail can be found elsewhere [2].
The authors study the phenomenon of coherent Raman beats in 15N^{15}\mathrm{N}15NH3{\mathrm{H}}_{3}H3​ using a CO2{\mathrm{O}}_{2}O2​ laser and Stark switching. In particular, a three-level system in which the two upper levels always remain split by a few MHz is prepared by switching the transitions into resonance with a short Stark pulse whose bandwidth is large enough to coherently excite both transitions. When one of the coherently excited levels remains in resonance with the laser after the Stark pulse, this system exhibits a qualitatively new effect which has not been seen heretofore. For Stark shifts on the order of the upper-state splitting or smaller, the Raman beat is amplitude modulated at a frequency related to the optical nutation frequency. This is interpreted as being due to an interaction between the two-photon coherent Raman beat process and a single-photon optical nutation process which occurs simultaneously. Numerical calculations as well as a simple analytic model are presented to support this interpretation. By reducing the laser power, one can make the modulation of the Raman beat disappear. From the Raman signal in this regime the permanent electric dipole moment of 15N^{15}\mathrm{N}15NH3{\mathrm{H}}_{3}H3​ in an excited vibrational state is determined and the Raman beat decay rate measured. By comparing the latter result with a delayed optical nutation measurement we show that phase-changing collisions are negligible for the transition studied.
For a three-level atom in the ssV configuration (i.e., having two excited states each dipole-coupled to a common ground state), we have found a particular linear combination of bare-atom states in which Rabi oscillations and their associated collapses and revivals do not occur. Moving to a dressed-state picture, we discover that this particular linear combination state is just that dressed state which is decoupled from all the field modes. It is a dressed state for which the transition dipole moments with the other dressed states are zero. The existence of this decoupled dressed state depends on the tuning of the dressing laser field, which in turn depends on the bare-atom excited-state dipole moments and energy-level separation. When we include spontaneous emission, the population decays from the other dressed states into this decoupled state and remains coherently trapped there, producing a system that experiences no dynamical behavior. This is exact for \ensuremath{\delta}-function photon statistics (i.e., if there is no intensity uncertainty). The trapping becomes less perfect as the photon statistics are allowed to have a greater bandwidth. Also, if the applied field is tuned incorrectly, the spontaneous realignment of the atomic state amplitudes does not result in a totally decoupled dressed state, and the dynamics proceed normally.