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Optics Letters

Pulse-resolved measurement of quadrature phase amplitudes of squeezed pulse trains at a repetition rate of 76 MHz

Ryuhi Okubo, Mayumi Hirano, Yun Zhang, Takuya Hirano

Published Jun 20, 2008• 44 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report pulsed homodyne detection of squeezed pulses at a repetition rate of 76 MHz. Measurement of individual pulses, which were interrogated by the correlation coefficient between adjacent pulses, was realized. A homodyne detector was constructed using a low-noise, high-speed operational amplifier; it had a usable bandwidth of 250 MHz. We observed 2.3 dB of squeezing in both the time and frequency domains.

DOI
10.1364/ol.33.001458

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We report pulsed homodyne detection of squeezed pulses at a repetition rate of 76 MHz. Measurement of individual pulses, which were interrogated by the correlation coefficient between adjacent pulses, was realized. A homodyne detector was constructed using a low-noise, high-speed operational amplifier; it had a usable bandwidth of 250 MHz. We observed 2.3 dB of squeezing in both the time and frequency domains.
Homodyne detection is a phase-sensitive measurement technique, essential for the characterization of continuous-variable (CV)-encoded quantum states of light. It is a key component to the implementation of CV quantum-information protocols and benefits from operating, by design, at room temperature. However, performing high-speed quantum information processing remains a major challenge, as conventional homodyne detectors often fail to sustain pulsed operation at high repetition rates due to electronic limitations. We present wideband homodyne detectors operating at near-infrared (NIR) and telecom wavelengths, with optimized performance at repetition rates up to 150 MHz. We demonstrate their performance by resolving the pulse-by-pulse structure of squeezed states of light at telecom wavelengths while preserving their spectral multimode properties.
Abstract Homodyne detection is a phase-sensitive measurement technique, essential for the characterization of continuous-variable (CV)-encoded quantum states of light. It is a key component to the implementation of CV quantum-information protocols and benefits from operating, by design, at room temperature. However, performing high-speed quantum information processing remains a major challenge, as conventional homodyne detectors often fail to sustain pulsed operation at high repetition rates due to electronic limitations. We present wideband homodyne detectors operating at near-infrared and telecom wavelengths, with optimized performance at repetition rates up to 150 MHz. We demonstrate their performance by resolving the pulse-by-pulse structure of squeezed states of light at telecom wavelengths while preserving their spectral multimode properties.
A high-performance resonant balanced homodyne detector is a key element for the measurement of picosecond pulsed squeezed light, which is an important quantum resource in quantum-enhanced microscopic imaging. In this paper, we design and demonstrate a resonant photodetector for homodyne measurement with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 22.42 dB at resonant frequency of 20 MHz. Using this detector to pulsed regime, a maximum signal-to-noise ratio at resonant frequency is 10.02 dB, where a 40 dB subtraction capability at 80 MHz repetition rate of pulsed laser is obtained. With this design, the quantum noise of picosecond pulsed squeezed light is measured and the best squeezing level −1.7 dB below the shot noise level is clearly observed at 20 MHz.
A pulsed, balanced homodyne detector has been developed for precise measurement of the electric field quadratures of pulsed optical quantum states. A high level of common mode suppression (>85 dB) and low electronic noise (730 electrons per pulse) provide a signal-to-noise ratio of 14 dB for measurement of the quantum noise of individual pulses. Measurements at repetition rates as high as 1 MHz are possible. As a test, quantum tomography of the coherent state was performed, and the Wigner function and the density matrix were reconstructed with 99.5% fidelity. The detection system can be used for ultrarsensitive balanced detection in cw mode, e.g., for weak absorption measurements.
We present a high-speed time-domain shot-noise-limited balanced homodyne detector that is suitable for the detection of the quantum states of nanosecond pulsed optical fields. The detector can detect the quantum noise of individual nanosecond optical pulses at a repetition rate of 40 MHz and achieve a signal-to-noise ratio of above 14.5 dB at a local oscillator power of 9.9×107 photons per pulse. The stability of the detector is characterized via an Allan variance measurement, and superior stability is observed. The detector is especially applicable in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information, where high-speed time-domain detection of nanosecond pulsed optical field quadratures is required.