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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Solid-state phase gate for two photons

Ren‐Bao Liu, Wang Yao, Lu Jeu Sham

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a solid-state quantum phase gate for photon pairs, which is implemented in a coupled system of quantum dot, optical microspheres, and fibers. The polarization states of photons represent the qubits.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2004.imc6

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We propose a protocol for a two-qubit quantum phase gate based upon the reflection of photon pulses from a quantum dot in a cavity. Depending on the state of the quantum dot the reflected photons acquire a conditional phase shift. The key ingredient is the ultrafast control of the quantum dot energies by electric fields, which allows for tuning the exciton and biexciton successively into resonance with the cavity mode. The complete dynamics of the gate are simulated, revealing a fidelity of about 0.9. The proposed scheme uses position coding and is therefore well suited to the implementation in an integrated photonic quantum processor.
The realization of quantum-photonic networks is a key challenge for optical quantum technologies. To scale such networks to many nodes and long distances, an efficient interface between stationary and flying qubits is necessary. One of the front-runners towards this goal is a spin-photon interface realised with a single charged QD with a localized electron spin that is strongly coupled to a micropillar cavity [1] . Through the strong spin-photon coupling, the polarization state of the optical field is controlled by the QD spin, thus modulating the cavity’s transmission properties. Controlling the polarization state over a wide angle is particularly useful for realizing high-fidelity polarization states and conditional phase quantum gates (e.g. CNOT) for photon-based quantum computing.
We show that the optical Kerr effect can be used to construct a quantum phase gate. It is well known from quantum nondemolition techniques that, as two photon field modes pass through a Kerr medium, the phase of each mode will be shifted, and the size of the phase shift will depend on the number of photons in both modes. We discuss the Hamiltonian responsible for this effect and show how this can produce an effective photon-photon interaction which corresponds to the quantum phase gate operating on two qubits each of which is represented by the elliptical polarization of one photon field. We discuss decoherence and losses and suggest some methods for dealing with them.
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