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Frontiers in Optics

Optical excitations in quantum dots for quantum information processing

Xiaoqin Li, Yanwen Wu, Gurudev Dutt, Duncan G. Steel, D. Gammon, Todd H. Stievater, Douglas Scott Katzer, Daeui Park, Carlo Piermarocchi, Lu Jeu Sham

Published Jan 1, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Optically driven semiconductor quantum dots have many features similar to simpler atomic systems but with the potential for much easier development of large scale architectures for novel ideas in quantum optoelectronics. Of current interest is their potential for application to quantum information science. Here, we show the ability to perform arbitrary qubit rotation and conditional quantum logic operations in a single dot as well as showing the ability now to optically manipulate and control the electronic spin of a single electron.

DOI
10.1364/fio.2003.thss4

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Optically driven semiconductor quantum dots have many features similar to simpler atomic systems but with the potential for much easier development of large scale architectures for novel ideas in quantum optoelectronics. Of current interest is their potential for application to quantum information science. Here, we show the ability to perform arbitrary qubit rotation and conditional quantum logic operations in a single dot as well as showing the ability now to optically manipulate and control the electronic spin of a single electron.
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Coherent control of solid-state qubits lies at the heart of most quantum information architectures. In quantum dots (QDs), optical fields are an attractive medium for qubit manipulation and readout. The entanglement between a QD spin qubit and an emitted photonic qubit allows for the transport of quantum information between distant quantum memories via decoherence resistant photon channels. I will present recent experimental work showing the entanglement between a single electron spin confined to an InAs QD and its spontaneously emitted photon. This entanglement is significant for the further development of quantum information technologies using QDs and forms the foundation of on-chip technologies using photonic crystal pathways. In addition, I will discuss on-going work on teleportation of information from a single photon generated in a spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) process to a QD spin through intermediate interference between the SPDC photon and the dot’s emitted photon. The ability to integrate two quantum information platforms is not only exciting in its own right, but this technique could allow for an entanglement swapping bridge between other matter-qubit (ions, NV centers, etc.) based quantum memories.
We report coherent optical control of a biexciton (two electron-hole pairs), confined in a single quantum dot, that shows coherent oscillations similar to the excited-state Rabi flopping in an isolated atom. The pulse control of the biexciton dynamics, combined with previously demonstrated control of the single-exciton Rabi rotation, serves as the physical basis for a two-bit conditional quantum logic gate. The truth table of the gate shows the features of an all-optical quantum gate with interacting yet distinguishable excitons as qubits. Evaluation of the fidelity yields a value of 0.7 for the gate operation. Such experimental capability is essential to a scheme for scalable quantum computation by means of the optical control of spin qubits in dots.