Metric-Changing Quasi-Hermitian Quenches: Normalized Loschmidt Amplitude and Complex-Time Zeros
Xu-Yang Hou, Jia-Chen Tang, Hao Guo
In quasi-Hermitian mixed-state quenches, the initial and final Hamiltonians generally possess different positive-definite metrics, so post-quench evolution is not quasi-unitary in the initial physical space. Choosing the preparation/measurement space as reference, we derive from first principles a normalized mixed-state Loschmidt amplitude using metric-compatible purifications. The resulting biorthogonal trace representation contains a normalization factor given by the norm of the evolved purification in the initial metric; this factor is essential for comparing states from different physical Hilbert spaces and directly encodes the metric mismatch. We prove that this normalization function is strictly positive on the real-time axis, so real-time criticality arises solely from destructive interference in the dynamical overlap. In complex time, zeros of the normalization factor generate branch singularities distinct from Fisher zeros. For a general two-level system, we derive analytic expressions for the Fisher and normalization zeros and analyze exceptional-point scaling together with the temperature- and quasi-Hermiticity-dependent DQPT critical times in two solvable quench protocols. In contrast to metric-stationary quenches, where non-Hermitian effects may be absorbed into an equivalent Hermitian description, the metric mismatch here produces genuine non-Hermitian dynamics: a time-dependent normalization factor and complex-time branch structure that cannot be removed by any global similarity transformation.
quant-pharXiv:2610.20016•Oct 15, 2026•0 citations