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Canadian Journal of Physics

A laser-excited three-level atom. II numerical results

Constantine Mavroyannis

Published Apr 1, 1990• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Numerical calculations are presented for the interference spectra of a laser-excited three-level atom, where the strong and the weak atomic transitions are driven by resonant and nonresonant laser fields, respectively. The spectral functions describing the interference spectra for the electric dipole allowed excited state have been considered in the low- and high-intensity limit of the laser field operating in the strong transition. The interference spectra arise from the competition between short-lifetime spontaneous processes and short- and long-lifetime excitations induced by the strong and the weak laser fields, respectively. Both laser fields have been treated as quantized and as classical entities. The computed spectra have been presented graphically for different values of the Rabi frequencies and detunings of the weak laser field. It is shown that the decrease in the intensity of the short-lifetime excitation may provide a measure of the spectral width of the long-lifetime excitation.

DOI
10.1139/p90-065

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We considered the excitation spectra for the excited states of a three-level atom, where the strong and the weak atomic transitions are driven by resonant and nonresonant laser fields, respectively. The spectral functions describing the excitation spectra for the electric dipole allowed excited state and for the metastable state of the atom have been derived when both laser fields are quantized as well as when they are treated as classical entities. In the low-intensity limit of the laser field operating in the strong transition, there are two short-lifetime excitations, the spontaneous one and the induced one, which appear at the same frequency, and a long-lifetime excitation induced by the weak laser field. These excitations compete with each other at resonance as well as at finite detunings of the weak laser field. In the high-intensity limit of the laser field operating in the strong transition, the competition is between the short- and the long-lifetime side bands, which are induced by the strong and the weak laser fields, respectively. The ratio of the maximum intensities of the peaks describing the long- and the short-lifetime excitations exhibits a resonance variation with the detuning of the weak laser field. Comparison between the results obtained when the laser fields are treated as quantized and as classical entities is made.
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We have numerically calculated the excitation spectra arising from the 3rd order mixing of the frequencies ωa and ωb of two laser fields interacting with a three-level atom, where each laser field resonantly couples the ground state with each excited state of the atom, respectively. In the limit of high photon densities, the excitation spectra near the reduced frequency X = (ω−ωa + 2ωb)/γ0 ≈ 0 are considered as a function of the reduced Rabi frequencies ηa and ηb of the two laser fields, respectively and γ0 is the spontaneous emission probability. For ηa < ηb the spectra consist of a doublet peaked at [Formula: see text] and its intensity is constant. When ηa = ηb, the spectra are composed of five pairs of bands peaked at [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. When ηa < ηb the computed spectra consist of five pairs of bands, where the intensities of the peaks at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are positive indicating absorption, those at [Formula: see text] are negative implying amplification, and the two pairs of peaks at [Formula: see text] have positive and negative components describing the mixed process of absorption–amplification. The intensities of these bands are found to vary as (ηa/ηb)2 for (ηa/ηb) > 1 and, therefore, the intensities of the bands are immensely enhanced as the value of the ratio (ηa/ηb) increases. The computed spectra for a wide selection of Rabi frequencies are graphically presented and compared with those derived by analytical methods.
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