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Canadian Journal of Physics

Two-photon interference spectra induced by a bichromatic field in the excited state of a single three-level ion

Constantine Mavroyannis

Published Jan 1, 1992• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the interference spectra arising from the competition between a spontaneous process and two processes induced by two laser fields, which are coupled with a three-level atom in the "Λ" configuration. In the low-intensity limit of both laser fields and on two-photon resonance, the frequency profiles of the two peaks, which arise from the spontaneous and induced processes, cancel each other out completely at the center of the line for zero detuning and at the finite values of the detuning as well. At high intensities of the laser fields and on two-photon resonance, the dynamic Stark effect dominates the spectra of the excited state of the atom. Expressions for the interference spectra and correlation functions are derived, which describe the physical process of the absorption of a laser photon at two different times by the ground state of the atom. Interference spectra and correlation functions are calculated for the two-photon off-resonance and for the proces of the absorption of a photon by the ground state of the atom. In this case, the intensities of the frequency dips take negative values indicating that stimulated emission prevails for certain values of the detunings. Using values for the parameters involved close to those for Ba+, the computed two-photon resonance and off-resonance spectra are graphically presented and discussed.

DOI
10.1139/p92-001

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We have considered the interference spectra arising from the competition between a spontaneous process and one induced by a laser field in a two-level atom. Expressions for the spectral functions have been derived describing the spectra of the excited and ground states of the atom in the low- and high-intensity limit of the laser field. For the excited-state spectra in the low-intensity limit, the frequency profiles of the two peaks, which arise from the spontaneous and the induced processes, cancel each other out completely near the center of the line, while for the ground state the induced process dominates. For finite values of the detuning, the spectra of the excited state consist of two peaks, which have positive and negative frequency profiles, respectively. The computed spectra have been graphically presented and discussed. In the high-intensity limit, the dynamic Stark effect dominates the spectra of the excited and ground states of the atom. Expressions for the correlation functions have been derived that describe the emission or the absorption of a laser photon at two different times. The derived expressions for the corresponding delay functions in the low- and high-intensity limits have been found to be identical to those recently proposed in the literature. The laser field has been treated as a classical as well as a quantized entity.
The interference spectra arising from the competition between a spontaneous process and an induced one by two laser fields, which interact on two-photon resonance with a three-level atom in the Lambda configuration have been considered. In the low intensity limit of both laser fields, the frequency profiles of the two peaks, which arise from the spontaneous and induced processes, respectively, cancel each other out completely at the centre of the line for zero detuning and at the finite values of the detuning as well. At those frequencies, the fluorescent light totally disappears. The interference spectra arising from the absorption of a laser photon by the ground state of the atom consists of two peaks describing the induced processes of absorption and stimulated emission, respectively.
The author has considered the interference spectra arising from the competition between absorption and stimulated emission processes, which have been induced by two laser fields operating at a two-photon resonance with a three-level atom in the ' Lambda ' configuration. In the low intensity limit of both laser fields, the induced spectrum in the ground state consists mainly of a peak, whose height and asymmetry depend strongly on the value of the detuning of the laser fields. In the absence of detuning, the height of the induced peak takes positive values implying that the physical process of absorption (attenuation) takes place, while at finite detunings the height of the peak becomes negative indicating the frequencies at which stimulated emission (amplification) is likely to occur. The spectra arising from the emission of a laser photon by the excited state consist of two peaks describing stimulated emission and induced absorption, respectively, where the former dominates the latter for small values of the Rabi frequencies but for higher ones, cancel each other out.
We have considered the induced processes that occur in a driven two-level atom, where a laser photon is absorbed and emitted by the ground and by the excited states of the atom, respectively. In the low-intensity limit of the laser field, the induced spectra arising when a laser photon is absorbed by the ground state of the atom consist of two peaks describing induced-absorption and stimulated-emission processes, respectively, where the former prevails over the latter. Asymmetry of the spectral lines occurs at off-resonance and its extent depends on the detuning of the laser field. The physical, process where a laser photon is emitted by the excited state is the reverse of that arising from the absorption of a laser photon by the ground state of the atom. The former differs from the latter in that the emission of a laser photon by the excited state occurs in the low-frequency regime and that the stimulated-emission process prevails over that of the induced absorption. In this case, amplification of ultrashort pulses is likely to occur without the need of population inversion between the optical transitions. The computed spectra are graphically presented and discussed.
We have calculated the interference spectra of a single electron in the excited state of a four-level atom interacting with three laser fields, where two of them are on two-photon resonance with the three levels forming a `Λ' scheme while the third laser operates between the second ground and the second excited states of the atom. It is shown that in the low-intensity limit of all three laser fields, the third laser field destroys the destructive interference that occurs between the spontaneous radiative decay and the process arising from the combined field of all the three laser fields. The result is that the overall intensity of the peak at the centre of the line depends on the strength of the third laser field and it takes negative values indicating that light amplification without population inversion (LAWI) is likely to occur at the one-photon frequency. The antisymmetric two-photon state of the two lower levels as well as the two-photon process, where one laser photon is absorbed and another laser photon is emitted simultaneously by the second excited state of the atom, is found to exhibit LAWI at the one-photon frequency. The derived results are graphically presented and discussed.
Studies the competition between absorption and stimulated emission induced by two laser fields at low intensities interacting on a two-photon resonance with a three-level atom. The induced spectrum into the ground state consists of a peak whose height and asymmetry depend strongly on the detuning. The spectra arising from the emission of a laser photon by the excited state consists of two peaks describing stimulated emission and induced absorption, respectively, where the former dominates the latter for small values of the Rabi frequencies but for higher ones, they cancel each other out.