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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

DC voltage multipliers: a novel application of synchronization in Josephson junction arrays

Vasili K. Semenov, M.A. Voronova

Published Mar 1, 1989• 29 citations
Publisher

Abstract

New types of followers and follower/doublers of DC voltage are proposed and analyzed. Operation of the devices is based on synchronization of the single-flux quantum (SFQ) pulses generated by overdamped Josephson junctions coupled by means of passive capacitive or inductive circuits. Two ways of combining the followers and doublers to get DC voltage multipliers and standards are described. Possible applications of these devices in A/D and D/A converters and RSFQ (rapid SFQ) logic circuits are also discussed. It is believed that the proposed multipliers and standards could produce stable output voltages in the 1-10 V range with output currents in the 0.1-1 mA range.>

DOI
10.1109/20.92565

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New types of followers and follower/doublers of DC voltage are proposed and analyzed. Operation of the devices is based on synchronization of the single-flux quantum (SFQ) pulses generated by overdamped Josephson junctions coupled by means of passive capacitive or inductive circuits. Two ways of combining the followers and doublers to get DC voltage multipliers and standards are described. Possible applications of these devices in A/D and D/A converters and RSFQ (rapid SFQ) logic circuits are also discussed. It is believed that the proposed multipliers and standards could produce stable output voltages in the 1-10 V range with output currents in the 0.1-1 mA range.>
A new type of followers and follower/doubles of dc voltages is suggested and analyzed. Operation of the devices is based on synchronization of the single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses (generated by overdamped Josephson junctions) by similar pulses in neighboring junctions coupled via passive capacitive or inductive circuits. Two ways of uniting the followers and doublers into dc voltage multipliers and standards are described. Possible applications of the new devices in A/D and D/A converters and RSFQ logic circuits are also discussed.
Digital to analog converters based on the Josephson effect are promising for voltage standards, because they produce voltage steps with ultimate precision and stability. In this paper, we describe a project to develop a Josephson D/A converter designed for synthesizing a sinusoidal waveform with metrological accuracy. The D/A converter is based on RSFQ (Rapid Single Flux Quantum) logic circuits, and consists of a frequency multiplier (FM), a pulse distributor (PD), and a number of voltage multipliers (VMs). Each VM circuit, corresponding to the n-th bit digital code, multiplies the number of SFQ pulses by a factor of 2/sup n/. By gating the input SFQ pulses from the FM to the VMs using the PD circuits, a programmable output voltage is obtained. Possible sources of uncertainties in the measurement of the rms value of the synthesized sine wave are discussed.
We are developing a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter based on rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) logic circuits. Since the RSFQ D/A converter operates according to the Josephson frequency–voltage relationship, arbitrary waveforms can be synthesized with an accuracy equivalent to that of the Josephson dc voltage standard. We have examined the characteristics of magnetically coupled voltage multipliers (VMs). The VM is a key component in the RSFQ D/A converter for use in metrological applications.
Digital-to-analog converters based on rapid single flux quantum circuits (RSFQ-D/A converters) are candidates for the next generation of ac voltage standard. We re-optimized the device parameters of a voltage multiplier (VM) cell, one of the important components in the RSFQ-D/A converter, to implement a new voltage doubler (VD) cell. The output voltage of the VD cell was twice as high as that of the conventional VM cell. We fabricated VD cells using a Nb technology. We confirmed correct operation of the VD cells at input frequencies up to 30 GHz.
A Josephson single-flux-quantum voltage/frequency multiplier circuit is proposed as the basic building block for a new generation of voltage standards. The circuit uses magnetic coupling to synchronize a series array of independent junction oscillators to the flux flow in a Josephson transmission line. A cascade of these circuits can multiply an arbitrarily low input frequency up to the frequency limit of the circuit ( approximately=250 GHz) and then add the voltages across approximately 30000 oscillators to generate precise voltages up to 10 V. Because the oscillators can be switched on and off with a bias current, the output voltage is rapidly programmable. A complete design for a voltage standard programmable in 1.2- mu V increments to a maximum of 10 V is proposed. Using existing fabrication technology, the circuit would cover a substrate area of about 1 cm/sup 2/ and use 67210 junctions.>