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Physical Review A

Statistical properties of a charged oscillator in the presence of a time-dependent electromagnetic field

A. L. De Brito, A. N. Chaba, B. Baseia, Reeta Vyas

Published Aug 1, 1995• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The statistical properties of a charged oscillator in the presence of a uniform magnetic field are investigated for the case of a time-dependent electromagnetic field. Quite general results are obtained when the time dependence of the external field is not specified. As an example, an oscillating external field is considered. It is found that, depending upon the parameters, this system can show many nonclassical features, such as sub-Poissonian statistics and squeezing.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.52.1518

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The statistical properties of a charged oscillator in the presence of a uniform magnetic field are investigated for the case of a time-dependent electromagnetic field. Quite general results are obtained when the time dependence of the external field is not specified. As an example, an oscillating external field is considered. It is found that, depending upon the parameters, this system can show many nonclassical features, such as sub-Poissonian statistics and squeezing.
Recent papers [A. Bechler, Phys. Lett. A 130, 481 (1988); M. S. Abdalla, Phys. Rev. A 44, 2040 (1991)] investigate the generation of squeezing for a charged oscillator in a constant and uniform magnetic field. Here we pursue further this line by investigating the extended system of a charged particle oscillating in a uniform and arbitrary time-dependent magnetic field. Since we do not particularize the functional time dependence, our expressions for the variances of quadratures are quite general, so the possible occurrence and amount of squeezing will depend on that specification. The corresponding results mentioned above become a particularization of ours.
The theory of explicitly time-dependent invariants is developed for quantum systems whose Hamiltonians are explicitly time dependent. The central feature of the discussion is the derivation of a simple relation between eigenstates of such an invariant and solutions of the Schrödinger equation. As a specific well-posed application of the general theory, the case of a general Hamiltonian which settles into constant operators in the sufficiently remote past and future is treated and, in particular, the transition amplitude connecting any initial state in the remote past to any final state in the remote future is calculated in terms of eigenstates of the invariant. Two special physical systems are treated in detail: an arbitrarily time-dependent harmonic oscillator and a charged particle moving in the classical, axially symmetric electromagnetic field consisting of an arbitrarily time-dependent, uniform magnetic field, the associated induced electric field, and the electric field due to an arbitrarily time-dependent uniform charge distribution. A class of explicitly time-dependent invariants is derived for both of these systems, and the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the invariants are calculated explicitly by operator methods. The explicit connection between these eigenstates and solutions of the Schrödinger equation is also calculated. The results for the oscillator are used to obtain explicit formulas for the transition amplitude. The usual sudden and adiabatic approximations are deduced as limiting cases of the exact formulas.
We investigate the nonclassical properties of the single-mode binomial states of the quantized electromagnetic field. We concentrate our analysis on the fact that the binomial states interpolate between the coherent states and the number states, depending on the values of the parameters involved. We discuss their statistical properties, such as squeezing (second and fourth order) and sub-Poissonian character. We show how the transition between those two fundamentally different states occurs, employing quasiprobability distributions in phase space, and we provide, at the same time, an interesting picture for the origin of second-order quadrature squeezing. We also discuss the phase properties of the binomial states using the Hermitian-phase-operator formalism.
We study the phenomena at the overlap of quantum chaos and nonclassical statistics for the time-dependent model of nonlinear oscillator. It is shown in the framework of Mandel Q parameter and Wigner function that the statistics of oscillatory excitation numbers is drastically changed in the order-to-chaos transition. The essential improvement of sub-Poissonian statistics in comparison with an analogous one for the standard model of driven anharmonic oscillator is observed for the regular operational regime. It is shown that in the chaotic regime, the system exhibits the range of sub-Poissonian and super-Poissonian statistics which alternate one to other depending on time intervals. Unusual dependence of the variance of oscillatory number on the external noise level for the chaotic dynamics is observed. The scaling invariance of the quantum statistics is demonstrated and its relation to dissipation and decoherence is studied.