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Physical Review B

Quantum magnetization plateau and sign change of the magnetocaloric effect in a ferrimagnetic spin chain.

A. S. Boyarchenkov, Irina Gennad'evna Bostrem, Alexander S. Ovchinnikov

Published Dec 14, 2007• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The magnetocaloric effect in the $(5∕2,1)$ ferrimagnetic chain is investiagted using a finite-cluster solver with central spin selection to reduce finite-size effects. We found that an enhanced magnetocaloric effect occurs at the boundary of the ground-state magnetization plateau. The calculated magnetic Gr\"uneisen parameter ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}$ exhibits strong signatures of a field-induced quantum phase transition at the critical magnetic field ${H}_{c}$ destroying the plateau. We obtain the characteristic increase ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}\ensuremath{\sim}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}1∕\ensuremath{\nu}z}$ near ${H}_{c}$ and the sign change ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}\ensuremath{\approx}\ensuremath{-}{G}_{r}∕(H\ensuremath{-}{H}_{c})$, in accordance with scaling theory predictions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.76.224410

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The magnetocaloric effect in the (5∕2,1)(5∕2,1)(5∕2,1) ferrimagnetic chain is investiagted using a finite-cluster solver with central spin selection to reduce finite-size effects. We found that an enhanced magnetocaloric effect occurs at the boundary of the ground-state magnetization plateau. The calculated magnetic Gr"uneisen parameter \ensuremathΓH{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}\ensuremathΓH​ exhibits strong signatures of a field-induced quantum phase transition at the critical magnetic field Hc{H}_{c}Hc​ destroying the plateau. We obtain the characteristic increase \ensuremathΓH\ensuremath∼T\ensuremath−1∕\ensuremathνz{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}\ensuremath{\sim}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}1∕\ensuremath{\nu}z}\ensuremathΓH​\ensuremath∼T\ensuremath−1∕\ensuremathνz near Hc{H}_{c}Hc​ and the sign change \ensuremathΓH\ensuremath≈\ensuremath−Gr∕(H\ensuremath−Hc){\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{H}\ensuremath{\approx}\ensuremath{-}{G}_{r}∕(H\ensuremath{-}{H}_{c})\ensuremathΓH​\ensuremath≈\ensuremath−Gr​∕(H\ensuremath−Hc​), in accordance with scaling theory predictions.
The magnetization curve of the (S,s)=(1,1/2)(S,s)=(1,1/2)(S,s)=(1,1/2) ferrimagnetic alternating spin chain with single-ion anisotropy D is investigated with the numerical exact diagonalization of finite clusters and size-scaling analyses. The system has a plateau at (1/3) of the saturation moment, which corresponds to the spontaneous magnetization for D=0.D=0.D=0. Varying D in the 1/3-magnetized ground state under the external field along the axis of D, a quantum phase transition is revealed to occur at the critical value $D/J=1.114\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.001$ where the plateau vanishes. Except for the critical point, the plateau is always opening, but the mechanism is different between D<DcD<{D}_{c}D<Dc​ and D>Dc.D>{D}_{c}.D>Dc​. The change of mechanisms is an evidence to clarify that the plateau originates from the quantization of magnetization.
We investigate the quantum phase transition (QPT) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of a tetrameric chain with three-spin interaction using Green's function theory. The magnetization and gap analysis reveals a variety of quantum phases tuned by magnetic held and three-spin interaction, which can open up an energy gap, giving rise to the occurrence of zero magnetization plateau. However, strong three-spin couplings causing strong frustration will destroy the intermediate 1/2 plateau with emergence of a new gapless phase between two cusps. It favors achieving an enhanced MCE at the critical fields, where the minima of isoentropes as well as the valley-peak structure of Grüneisen ratio, signaling the accumulation of entropy, lead to cooling via adiabatic (de)magnetization processes. It is also found that the temperature dependence of specific heat combined with Grüneisen ratio can testify various quantum phases explicitly.
We investigate the quantum phase transition(QPT) and magnetocaloric effect(MCE) of a tetrameric chain with three-spin interaction using Green’s function theory. The magnetization and gap analysis reveals a variety of quantum phases tuned by magnetic field and three-spin interaction, which can open up an energy gap, giving rise to the occurrence of zero magnetization plateau. However, strong three-spin couplings causing strong frustration will destroy the intermediate 1/2 plateau with emergence of a new gapless phase between two cusps. It favors achieving an enhanced MCE at the critical fields, where the minima of isoentropes as well as the valley-peak structure of Gru¨neisen ratio, signaling the accumulation of entropy, lead to cooling via adiabatic(de)magnetization processes. It is also found that the temperature dependence of specific heat combined with Gru¨neisen ratio can testify various quantum phases explicitly.
We obtained, within a path-integral formalism (mean-field variational Gaussian approximation), analytical expressions for thermodynamic quantities such as magnetization, heat capacity, and the magnetic Gr\"uneisen parameter ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{H}$ of the system of triplons in spin gapped quantum magnets. Near the critical temperature ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{H}$ is discontinuous and changes its sign upon the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of triplons. We predict that in the limit of low temperature TTT and near the critical magnetic field ${H}_{c},\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{H}$ diverges as ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{H}\ensuremath{\sim}1/{T}^{2}$, while it scales as ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{H}\ensuremath{\sim}1/(H\ensuremath{-}{H}_{c})$ as the magnetic field approaches Hc{H}_{c}Hc​.
Magnetization curves of the ferrimagnetic mixed spin-(1/2,S) Heisenberg chains are calculated with the help of density-matrix renormalization group method for several quantum spin numbers S=1, 3/2, 2 and 5/2.It is shown that the ferrimagnetic mixed spin-(1/2,S) Heisenberg chains exhibit irrespective of the spin value S exactly one intermediate magnetization plateau, which can be identified with the gapped Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic ground state.The magnetization plateau due to the Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetism breaks down at a quantum phase transition towards the Luttinger spin liquid, which is characterized by a continuous change of the magnetization with the magnetic field until another quantum critical point is reached at the saturation field.