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Optica Acta International Journal of Optics

Photon Antibunching and Squeezing

S. Kielich, M. Kozierowski, R. Tanaś

Published Sep 1, 1985• 32 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The occurrence of photon antibunching and squeezing is strongly connected with nonlinear optical phenomena in general. Recent results are presented for two-atom resonance fluorescence, the anharmonic oscillator, nonlinear propagation of light and higher-harmonic generation.
DOI
10.1080/713821848

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Nonlinear phenomena in quantum optics are reviewed, with particular emphasis on scientific activities in quantum optics at the Natural Science Faculty of Palacký University ln Olomouc (Czech Republic). The first section is devoted to quantum and classical methods to obtain photon statistics in higher-harmonics generation, including a method of classical trajectories. It is followed by a discussion of photon bunching and antibunching of nonstationary fields. The chapter continues with a discussion of methods for reconstruction of quantum states. Other topics covered include the process of frequency downconversion with pulses, Zeno and anti-Zeno effects based on optical parametric processes, Raman nonlinear couplers as switching elements and sources of nonclassical light for optoelectronics and photonics, and quantum cryptography. Finally, quantum spatial propagation of a two-mode squeezed light in a cubically behaved quadratic medium is treated as another feature of a two-field squeezed steady-state light, and this approach is compared with the conventional one.

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. eBooks•Apr 2, 2003•5 citations
With the help of second-order nonlinear interactions and hence Hamiltonian, we construct the equations of motion corresponding to pump and signal (second harmonic) fields in a second harmonic generation. The corresponding coupled differential equations involving the non-commuting field operators are not solvable in closed analytical forms. With the help of a perturbation method, we obtain analytical solutions of these field operators up to cubic orders in the interaction constant. In an appropriate limit (truncating the solution up to the second order in the interaction constant), these solutions lead to the existing solutions under the short-time approximation. The present analytical solutions are exploited to investigate the squeezing and the antibunching of photons of the input coherent light coupled to the said second-order nonlinear medium. We report the squeezing and antibunching effects of the pump field even for solutions up to the second order and hence the present results are consistent with earlier results. However, for the second harmonic mode, we report the squeezing involving the leading cubic term in the interaction constant.
The concept of squeezing, which generally implies that one quadrature component of an optical field has measured fluctuations below the vacuum limit, is generalized to higher moments of even order. Higher-order squeezing is encountered in many of the nonlinear processes that generate second-order squeezing. It is shown that the field produced in degenerate parametric downconversion is squeezed to all even orders and is intrinsically squeezed to orders 2,6,10…. Higher-order squeezing also shows up in second harmonic generation and in resonance fluorescence from an atom. However, in those cases there is no intrinsic squeezing beyond the second order, although a strong second-order squeezing effect is manifest in the higher-order moments of the field.
Nonlinear phenomena in quantum optics are reviewed, with particular emphasis on scientific activities in quantum optics at the Natural Science Faculty of Palacký University ln Olomouc (Czech Republic). The first section is devoted to quantum and classical methods to obtain photon statistics in higher-harmonics generation, including a method of classical trajectories. It is followed by a discussion of photon bunching and antibunching of nonstationary fields. The chapter continues with a discussion of methods for reconstruction of quantum states. Other topics covered include the process of frequency downconversion with pulses, Zeno and anti-Zeno effects based on optical parametric processes, Raman nonlinear couplers as switching elements and sources of nonclassical light for optoelectronics and photonics, and quantum cryptography. Finally, quantum spatial propagation of a two-mode squeezed light in a cubically behaved quadratic medium is treated as another feature of a two-field squeezed steady-state light, and this approach is compared with the conventional one.