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Physical Review A

Laser-induced photonic-continuum structure

J. R. Kukliński, Maciej Lewenstein, THOMAS W. MOSSBERG

Published Jul 1, 1993• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that by coupling additional laser fields to a three-level atom it is possible to modify effective spontaneous emission rates and line shapes in a manner similar to that previously associated with cavities and waveguides. The effect is related to the laser-induced continuum structure discussed in the context of ionization processes.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.48.764

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We show that by coupling additional laser fields to a three-level atom it is possible to modify effective spontaneous emission rates and line shapes in a manner similar to that previously associated with cavities and waveguides. The effect is related to the laser-induced continuum structure discussed in the context of ionization processes.
We present a theoretical study of laser-induced autoionization and laser-induced continuum structures, performed with the aim of deriving predictions on the effect of continuum-continuum transitions on the resonance line shape. The model, developed as an extension of models introduced for the description of laser-induced autoionization and laser-induced continuum structures, on one hand, and for above-threshold ionization, on the other hand, provides quantitative predictions. For specific atomic systems, the line shapes of the structures are shown not to be affected by continuum-continuum transitions, in contrast with previously reported results.
Ionization, and in particular ionization using lasers, is one of the most important tools we have for examining the structure of atoms and molecules. However, one difficulty is that the bound-free transition probabilities can be rather weak. By taking advantage of resonant structure in the continuum, we can enhance the probability of transition. The idea behind laser induced continuum structure is to create the desired resonant continuum states by using a second laser tuned to an excited state of the atom. A number of interesting effects can be observed due to interference between the direct ionization channel and the channel that involves excitation to the resonant continuum state followed by induced emission to the excited state followed by ionization from this state. We will discuss theoretical calculations of this effect for krypton, as well as its relation to preliminary data involving experiments done at Texas Tech on this system.
Laser induced continuum structures (LICS) can be produced by a strong laser embedding an excited atomic bound state into a flat atomic continuum, leading to a tunable resonance of adjustable width that can be probed by a second laser. If this second laser is of similar intensity to the embedding laser then the distinction between the two becomes artificial and saturation effects become important. In this paper the effect on LICS of transitions caused by both lasers between the original atomic continuum and a second atomic continuum are studied in the Markoff approximation by means of Laplace transform methods and allowing for the ionization of each atomic state by both laser fields. Formal results correct to all orders are also given in terms of a T-matrix approach. Numerical calculations are presented showing the effects on the LICS resonant structures of continuum-continuum coupling processes. Significant changes to the Fano profiles (second laser weak) and to coherence holes (second laser strong) occur. Analytical results are also given.
We present an analytical solution to a multilevel model of light-induced continuum structure, in which, instead of a single level, a quasicontinuum of excited levels is laser embedded into a previously structureless atomic continuum. The found solution is fully time dependent and is valid for probing strengths of the structured continuum from the ground level by another laser, which can vary from being much weaker than the embedding one to being as strong as the embedding one. For three different embeddings (weak, moderate, and strong), each one determined by a different relation between the ionization rate \ensuremath{\gamma} and the spacing \ensuremath{\Delta} of the quasicontinuum levels (\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\gamma}/\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\ll}1, \ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\gamma}/\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\simeq}1, and \ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\gamma}/\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\gg}1), we study the evolution of the ionization spectrum with increasing probing strength. We observe and interpret such strong-field effects in the spectra as (i) conversion of a Fano-like train of peaks into a train of dips; (ii) peak moving, narrowing, and lowering; and (iii) saturation, population trapping, and stabilization against ionization.