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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Photon logic gate using ultra slow light

Byoung Seung HAM, Joonsung Hahn

Published May 7, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photon Logic gates based on quantum coherence have been presented for Boolean logic operations of NAND. The present photon logic gates use quantum coherence in a three-level system interacting with resonant Raman optical fields. In a specific condition of ultraslow light, the quantum coherence can be greatly enhanced so that ultralow power light can be used for photon switching applications. Unlike conventional optical switching methods, the photon switching is free from the population relaxation constraint but relies on quantum coherence (phase relaxation). By combing two photon switches in parallel, we performed Boolean logic gate operations.

DOI
10.1117/12.819388

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Photon Logic gates based on quantum coherence have been presented for Boolean logic operations of NAND. The present photon logic gates use quantum coherence in a three-level system interacting with resonant Raman optical fields. In a specific condition of ultraslow light, the quantum coherence can be greatly enhanced so that ultralow power light can be used for photon switching applications. Unlike conventional optical switching methods, the photon switching is free from the population relaxation constraint but relies on quantum coherence (phase relaxation). By combing two photon switches in parallel, we performed Boolean logic gate operations.
We report observations of photon logic gate operations using ultraslow light phenomena in a rare-earth doped solid medium. Unlike conventional optical logic gates based on semiconductor optical amplifiers, the present photon logic gate utilizes spin coherence, which is completely free from the optical population constraint and gives potential for ultrahigh speed operations. In addition to the possibility of ultralow power operations, the usage of ultraslow light gives a benefit of all-optical buffer memory functions. Thus, the present demonstration has potential applications to cascadable photon logic devices.
Quantum coherent control of slow light for all-optical switching is investigated in a multi-level system of solids for an understanding of self-induced ultraslow light. In an optical population shelving system of a rare-earth doped solid, dynamics of the slow light are presented by using a third optical field controlling shelved atom population. Unlike two-photon coherence-based delayed all-optical switching utilizing electromagnetically induced transparency, the present method relies on one-photon coherence controlling shelved atom population.
Optical logic down to the single photon level holds the promise of data processing with a better energy efficiency than electronic devices [1]. In addition, preservation of quantum coherence in such logical components could lead to optical quantum logical gates [2--4]. Optical logic requires optical non-linearities to enable photon-photon interactions. Non-linearities usually appear for large intensities, but discrete transitions allow for giant non-linearities operating at the single photon level [5], as demonstrated for a single optical mode with cold atomic gases [6, 7], or single two-level systems coupled to light via a tailored photonic environment [8--13]. However optical logic requires two-mode non-linearities [14, 15]. Here we take advantage of the large coupling efficiency and the broadband operation of a photonic wire containing a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) [16] to implement an all-optical logical component, wherein as few as 10 photons per QD lifetime in one mode control the reflectivity of another, spectrally distinct, mode. Whether classical or quantum, optical communication has proven to be the best choice for long distance information distribution. All-optical data processing has therefore raised much interest in recent years, as it would avoid energy and coherence consuming optics-to-electronics conversion steps. Two-ports operation is a necessary requirement for the implementation of any non-trivial optical data processing. This involves a non-linear interaction between two distinct optical modes. Such a functionality operating at the single photon level can be achieved with a giant cross non-linearity obtained via resonant interactions in an atomic-like system featuring discrete energy levels [5].
We have previously shown that the quantum Zeno effect can be used to implement quantum logic gates for quantum computing applications, where the Zeno effect was produced using a strong two-photon absorbing medium. Here we show that the Zeno effect can also be used to implement classical logic gates whose inputs and outputs are high-intensity fields (coherent states). The operation of the devices can be understood using a quasistatic analysis, and their switching times are calculated using a dynamic approach. The two-photon absorption coefficient of rubidium vapor is shown to allow operation of these devices at relatively low power levels.
Coherent dynamics of slow light for all-optical switching is investigated in a multilevel system of solids for an understanding of self-induced ultraslow light. In an optical population shelving system of a rare-earth doped solid, dynamics of the slow light are presented by using a third optical field controlling shelved atom population. Unlike two-photon coherence-based delayed all-optical switching utilizing electromagnetically induced transparency, the present method relies on one-photon coherence controlling shelved atom population.