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Optics Letters

Coherent dynamics of self-induced ultraslow light for all-optical switching

Byoung Seung HAM, Joonsung Hahn

Published Nov 24, 2008• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Coherent dynamics of slow light for all-optical switching is investigated in a multilevel system of solids for an understanding of self-induced ultraslow light. In an optical population shelving system of a rare-earth doped solid, dynamics of the slow light are presented by using a third optical field controlling shelved atom population. Unlike two-photon coherence-based delayed all-optical switching utilizing electromagnetically induced transparency, the present method relies on one-photon coherence controlling shelved atom population.

DOI
10.1364/ol.33.002880

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Coherent dynamics of slow light for all-optical switching is investigated in a multilevel system of solids for an understanding of self-induced ultraslow light. In an optical population shelving system of a rare-earth doped solid, dynamics of the slow light are presented by using a third optical field controlling shelved atom population. Unlike two-photon coherence-based delayed all-optical switching utilizing electromagnetically induced transparency, the present method relies on one-photon coherence controlling shelved atom population.
Quantum coherent control of slow light for all-optical switching is investigated in a multi-level system of solids for an understanding of self-induced ultraslow light. In an optical population shelving system of a rare-earth doped solid, dynamics of the slow light are presented by using a third optical field controlling shelved atom population. Unlike two-photon coherence-based delayed all-optical switching utilizing electromagnetically induced transparency, the present method relies on one-photon coherence controlling shelved atom population.
We present observations of self induced ultraslow light in a persistent spectral hole-burning rare-earth doped crystal. The observed group delay (velocity) is as long as 40 micros (75 m/s), which is comparable to that obtained using electromagnetically induced transparency or coherent population oscillations. We analyze the observed ultraslow light as a function of frequency detuning, light intensity, and atom population (oscillator strength). The present observation of ultraslow light in a persistent spectral hole-burning medium gives potentials to all-optical information processing such as on-demand all-optical buffer memories.
An overview of recent research aimed at controlling the propagation velocity of light pulses through material systems is presented. Most of the research involves two basic approaches. One approach is to make use of quantum coherence effects, such as electromagnetically induced transparency or coherent population oscillations, to modify the material response at an atomic level. Another approach is to form artificial material, such as photonic crystals, that possess strong dispersive properties which lead to a large modification to the group velocity. Both of these approaches have been successfully pursued in recent years.
We develop a theoretical framework for the exploration of quantum mechanical coherent population transfer phenomena, with the ultimate goal of constructing faithful models of devices for classical and quantum information processing applications.We begin by outlining a general formalism for weak-field quantum optics in the Schrödinger picture, and we include a general phenomenological representation of Lindblad decoherence mechanisms.We use this formalism to describe the interaction of a single stationary multilevel atom with one or more propagating classical or quantum laser fields, and we describe in detail several manifestations and applications of electromagnetically induced transparency.In addition to providing a clear description of the nonlinear optical characteristics of electromagnetically transparent systems that lead to "ultraslow light," we verify that -in principle -a multi-particle atomic or molecular system could be used as either a low power optical switch or a quantum phase shifter.However, we demonstrate that the presence of significant dephasing effects on the metastable levels destroys the induced transparency.Finally, a detailed calculation of the relative quantum phase induced by a system of atoms on a superposition of spatially distinct Fock states predicts that a significant quasi-Kerr nonlinearity and a low entropy cannot be simultaneously achieved in the presence of arbitrary spontaneous emission rates.Within our model, we identify the constraints that need to be met for this system to act as a one-qubit and a two-qubit conditional phase gate.